ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008
Conserved factors Ryp2 and Ryp3 control cell morphology and infectious spore formation in the fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.
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Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polyphenism Through RNA Chemical Modifications.Molecular ecology · 2026Review
- The Rpd3 histone deacetylase is a critical regulator of temperature-mediated morphogenesis and virulence in the human fungal pathogen Histoplasma.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Inhibitory and synergistic effects of volatile organic compounds from bat caves againstmSystems · 2026Article
- Rapid gain and loss of a chromosome drives key morphology and virulence phenotypes in the fungal pathogen Histoplasma.PLoS biology · 2026Article
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- Signaling Pathways Regulating Dimorphism in Medically Relevant Fungal Species.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Beyond morphogenesis and secondary metabolism: function of Velvet proteins and LaeA in fungal pathogenesis.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Review
- Genotypic diversity, virulence, and molecular genetic tools inMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Common virulence factors betweenCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2024Review
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- Targeted gene deletions in the dimorphic fungal pathogenmSphere · 2023Article
- Pathogenicity & virulence ofVirulence · 2022Review
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- An Indian lineage of Histoplasma with strong signatures of differentiation and selection.Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B · 2022Article
- Deletion of the Stress Response GeneJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Mucocutaneous nasal histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent dog.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- Transcriptional Analysis ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The novel Dbl homology/BAR domain protein, MsgA, of Talaromyces marneffei regulates yeast morphogenesis during growth inside host cells.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Comparative Proteomic Analysis ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Fantastic yeasts and where to find them: the hidden diversity of dimorphic fungal pathogens.Current opinion in microbiology · 2019Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The human fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum grows in a sporulating filamentous form in the soil and, after inhalation of infectious spores, converts to a pathogenic yeast form inside host macrophages in response to temperature. Here we report the identification of two genes (RYP2 and RYP3) required for yeast-phase growth. Ryp2 and Ryp3 are homologous to each other and to the Velvet A family of regulatory proteins in Aspergillus species and other filamentous fungi. Wild-type H. capsulatum grows as filaments at room temperature and as yeast cells at 37 degrees C, but ryp2 and ryp3 mutants constitutively grow as filaments independent of temperature. RYP2 and RYP3 transcripts accumulate to higher levels at 37 degrees C than at room temperature. This differential expression is similar to the previously identified RYP1 transcript, which encodes a transcriptional regulator required for the yeast-phase expression program. Ryp1 associates with the upstream region of RYP2, and each of the three RYP genes is required for the differential expression of the others at 37 degrees C. In addition to responding to the elevated temperature of the mammalian host, RYP2 and RYP3 are essential for viable spore production and regulation of sporulation at room temperature. This regulatory function is strikingly similar to the role of the Aspergillus Velvet A protein family in spore development in response to light, with the notable distinction that the H. capsulatum circuit responds to temperature.
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