ReviewCancer letters2009
PPARgamma-independent antitumor effects of thiazolidinediones.
Review in Cancer letters, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- DPP-4 Inhibitors in Female Cancers: Opportunities for Drug Repurposing.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Development and validation of a prognosis model for low-grade gliomas based on metabolic gene risk scoring and immune microenvironment interaction.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- Medications to reduce breast cancer risk: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Anti-Diabetes Drugs and Anti-Dyslipidemia Drugs to Mitigate Head and Neck Cancer Risk in Metabolic Syndrome.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Review
- PPAR-γ in Melanoma and Immune Cells: Insights into Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications.Cells · 2025Review
- Design, synthesis and mechanistic study of N-4-Piperazinyl Butyryl Thiazolidinedione derivatives of ciprofloxacin with Anticancer Activity via Topoisomerase I/II inhibition.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Green synthesis,RSC advances · 2024Article
- Design and synthesis of novel chloropyridazine hybrids as promising anticancer agents acting by apoptosis induction and PARP-1 inhibition through a molecular hybridization strategy.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the tumor microenvironment, tumor cell metabolism, and anticancer therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Succinate metabolism: a promising therapeutic target for inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion injury and cancer.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Antifungal Thiazolidines: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Mycosidine Congeners.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- PPAR Ligands Induce Antiviral Effects Targeting Perturbed Lipid Metabolism during SARS-CoV-2, HCV, and HCMV Infection.Biology · 2022Review
- PPARγ and Diabetes: Beyond the Genome and Towards Personalized Medicine.Current diabetes reports · 2021Review
- PPAR-γ Modulators as Current and Potential Cancer Treatments.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- The prognostic role of steroid hormone receptor signaling pathways in urothelial carcinoma.Translational cancer research · 2020Review
- Anticancer properties of 5Z-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-2-(4-hydroxyphenylamino)-thiazol-4-one.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- The Emerging Role of Adiponectin in Female Malignancies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Troglitazone inhibits the migration and invasion of PC-3 human prostate cancer cells by upregulating E-cadherin and glutathione peroxidase 3.Oncology letters · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The thiazolidinedione (TZD) family of PPARgamma agonists, especially troglitazone and ciglitazone, induce cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis in cancer cells. Mounting evidence indicates that TZDs interfere with multiple signaling mechanisms independently of PPARgamma activation, which affect many aspects of cellular functions governing cell cycle progression and survival of cancer cells. Here, we review the "off-target" mechanisms that underlie the antitumor effects of TZDs with emphasis on three key pathways, namely, inhibition of Bcl-2/Bcl-xL function, proteasomal degradation of cell cycle- and apoptosis-regulatory proteins, and transcriptional repression of androgen receptor (AR) through Sp1 degradation. Relative to tumor cells, nonmalignant cells are resistant to these PPARgamma-independent antitumor effects, which underscores the translational potential of these agents. Furthermore, dissociation of these antitumor effects from their PPARgamma agonist activity provides a rationale for using TZDs as scaffolds for lead optimization to develop a novel class of antitumor agents with a unique mode of mechanism.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.