ArticleAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2008
Rhinovirus disrupts the barrier function of polarized airway epithelial cells.
Article in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 197 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
197 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 351 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Detection of pathogenic bacteria during rhinovirus infection is associated with increased respiratory symptoms and asthma exacerbations.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2014Trial
- Human airway organoids for bacterial-host interaction studies: methods, insights and translational promise.Thorax · 2026Review
- Targeting Inflammation in Bronchiectasis.Drugs · 2026Review
- Epigenetic Dysregulation of the NKX2-1/SPDEF Axis Drives Persistent Goblet Cell Differentiation and Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2026Article
- The rhinovirus puzzle: Linking virus and host factors to childhood asthma.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- Disseminated meningococcal infection presenting with constrictive pericarditis and bilateral septic arthritis without meningitis: A case report.SAGE open medical case reports · 2026Article
- Detection ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- The role of virus in nasal inflammation.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Rhinovirus C15 infection induces airway epithelial cell remodeling and robust inflammatory responses: Potential implications for airway obstruction in children.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- A primary cell model of the very preterm epithelium reveals barrier defects at 1 year of age.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Age-Dependent Risk of Bronchial Asthma Exacerbation in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Co-infection.Lung · 2025Article
- Viruses in bronchiectasis.ERJ open research · 2025Review
- Characterizing the Genetics of Bronchiolitis by Viral Etiology: Is There a Shared Role in Asthma Development?The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tract.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Neutrophilic inflammation in bronchiectasis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Review
- Systemic barrier dysfunction in type 2 inflammation diseases: perspective in the skin, airways, and gastrointestinal tract.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- HOXA1 Contributes to Bronchial Epithelial Cell Cycle Progression by Regulating p21/CDKN1A.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
137 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleSecondary bacterial infection following rhinovirus (RV) infection has been recognized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
objectivesWe sought to understand mechanisms by which RV infection facilitates secondary bacterial infection.
methodsPrimary human airway epithelial cells grown at air-liquid interface and human bronchial epithelial (16HBE14o-) cells grown as polarized monolayers were infected apically with RV. Transmigration of bacteria (nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and others) was assessed by colony counting and transmission electron microscopy. Transepithelial resistance (R(T)) was measured by using a voltmeter. The distribution of zona occludins (ZO)-1 was determined by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsEpithelial cells infected with RV showed 2-log more bound bacteria than sham-infected cultures, and bacteria were recovered from the basolateral media of RV- but not sham-infected cells. Infection of polarized airway epithelial cell cultures with RV for 24 hours caused a significant decrease in R(T) without causing cell death or apoptosis. Ultraviolet-treated RV did not decrease R(T), suggesting a requirement for viral replication. Reduced R(T) was associated with increased paracellular permeability, as determined by flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-inulin. Neutralizing antibodies to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-1beta reversed corresponding cytokine-induced reductions in R(T) but not that induced by RV, indicating that the RV effect is independent of these proinflammatory cytokines. Confocal microscopy and immunoblotting revealed the loss of ZO-1 from tight junction complexes in RV-infected cells. Intranasal inoculation of mice with RV1B also caused the loss of ZO-1 from the bronchial epithelium tight junctions in vivo.
conclusionsRV facilitates binding, translocation, and persistence of bacteria by disrupting airway epithelial barrier function.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.