ArticleJournal of virology2008
Early B-cell activation after West Nile virus infection requires alpha/beta interferon but not antigen receptor signaling.
Article in Journal of virology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- A central role for CCR2 in monocyte recruitment and blood-brain barrier disruption during Usutu virus encephalitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Viral Infection and Dissemination Through the Lymphatic System.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Orchestration of antiviral responses within the infected central nervous system.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Metabolic response to CNS infection with flaviviruses.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Review
- Reprogramming viral immune evasion for a rational design of next-generation vaccines for RNA viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Clodronate is not protective in lethal viral encephalitis despite substantially reducing inflammatory monocyte infiltration in the CNS.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- B cells going viral in the CNS: Dynamics, complexities, and functions of B cells responding to viral encephalitis.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- Amantadine-assembled nanostimulator enhances dimeric RBD antigen-elicited cross-neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 strains.Nano today · 2022Article
- Review
- Article
- Rejection of xenogeneic porcine islets in humanized mice is characterized by graft-infiltrating Th17 cells and activated B cells.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2020Article
- Decreased Type I Interferon Production by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Contributes to Severe Dengue.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Murine Leukemia Virus Exploits Innate Sensing by Toll-Like Receptor 7 in B-1 Cells To Establish Infection and Locally Spread in Mice.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Current Understanding of West Nile Virus Clinical Manifestations, Immune Responses, Neuroinvasion, and Immunotherapeutic Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Dynamics of Virus-Specific Memory B Cells and Plasmablasts following Viral Infection of the Central Nervous System.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Splenic macrophages are required for protective innate immunity against West Nile virus.PloS one · 2018Article
- Protective Humoral Immunity in the Central Nervous System Requires Peripheral CD19-Dependent Germinal Center Formation following Coronavirus Encephalomyelitis.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Modelling the effects of phylogeny and body size on within-host pathogen replication and immune response.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2017Article
- The viral innate immune antagonism and an alternative vaccine design for PRRS virus.Veterinary microbiology · 2017Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The B-cell response against West Nile virus (WNV), an encephalitic Flavivirus of global concern, is critical to controlling central nervous system dissemination and neurological sequelae, including death. Here, using a well-characterized mouse model of WNV infection, we examine the factors that govern early B-cell activation. Subcutaneous inoculation with a low dose of replicating WNV results in extensive B-cell activation in the draining lymph node (LN) within days of infection as judged by upregulation of the surface markers CD69, class II major histocompatibility complex, and CD86 on CD19(+) cells. B-cell activation in the LN but not the spleen was dependent on signals through the type I alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) receptor. Despite significant activation in the draining LN at day 3 after infection, WNV-specific B cells were not detected by immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunospot analysis until day 7. Liposome depletion experiments demonstrate that B-cell activation after WNV infection was not affected by the loss of F4/80(+) or CD169(+) subcapsular macrophages. Nonetheless, LN myeloid cells were essential for control of viral replication and survival from infection. Overall, our data suggest that the massive, early polyclonal B-cell activation occurring in the draining LN after WNV infection is immunoglobulin receptor and macrophage independent but requires sustained signals through the type I IFN-alpha/beta receptor.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.