ArticlePlant & cell physiology2008
GFP tagging of sieve element occlusion (SEO) proteins results in green fluorescent forisomes.
Article in Plant & cell physiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual and spatially resolved drought responses in the Arabidopsis leaf mesophyll revealed by single-cell transcriptomics.The New phytologist · 2025Article
- Identification of phloem-specific proteinaSEOus structure heterogeneity in sieve element of Populus trichocarpa.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Combining single-cell RNA sequencing with spatial transcriptome analysis reveals dynamic molecular maps of cambium differentiation in the primary and secondary growth of trees.Plant communications · 2023Article
- Time-tagged ticker tapes for intracellular recordings.Nature biotechnology · 2023Article
- Proteomics of isolated sieve tubes fromProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Facile Labeling of Sieve Element Phloem-Protein Bodies Using the Reciprocal Oligosaccharide Probe OGAFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Transcriptional landscape of highly lignified poplar stems at single-cell resolution.Genome biology · 2021Article
- Species-Specific and Distance-Dependent Dispersive Behaviour of Forisomes in Different Legume Species.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Sieve element occlusion provides resistance against Aphis gossypii in TGR-1551 melons.Insect science · 2020Article
- Protein structural biology using cell-free platform from wheat germ.Advanced structural and chemical imaging · 2018Article
- Non-dispersive phloem-protein bodies (NPBs) ofPeerJ · 2018Article
- Filamentous sieve element proteins are able to limit phloem mass flow, but not phytoplasma spread.Journal of experimental botany · 2017Article
- Phloem unloading in Arabidopsis roots is convective and regulated by the phloem-pole pericycle.eLife · 2017Article
- Ectopic expression of phloem motor protein pea forisome PsSEO-F1 enhances salinity stress tolerance in tobacco.Plant cell reports · 2016Article
- Functional Evaluation of Proteins in Watery and Gel Saliva of Aphids.Frontiers in plant science · 2016Review
- Article
- Characterization of five subgroups of the sieve element occlusion gene family in Glycine max reveals genes encoding non-forisome P-proteins, forisomes and forisome tails.Plant molecular biology · 2014Article
- Molecular and ultrastructural analysis of forisome subunits reveals the principles of forisome assembly.Annals of botany · 2014Article
- Uncertain role of MtSEO-F3 in assembly of Medicago truncatula forisomes.Plant signaling & behavior · 2014Article
- Calcium powered phloem protein of SEO gene family "Forisome" functions in wound sealing and act as biomimetic smart materials.Plant signaling & behavior · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Forisomes are Ca(2+)-driven, ATP-independent contractile protein bodies that reversibly occlude sieve elements in faboid legumes. They apparently consist of at least three proteins; potential candidates have been described previously as 'FOR' proteins. We isolated three genes from Medicago truncatula that correspond to the putative forisome proteins and expressed their green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion products in Vicia faba and Glycine max using the composite plant methodology. In both species, expression of any of the constructs resulted in homogenously fluorescent forisomes that formed sieve tube plugs upon stimulation; no GFP fluorescence occurred elsewhere. Isolated fluorescent forisomes reacted to Ca(2+) and chelators by contraction and expansion, respectively, and did not lose fluorescence in the process. Wild-type forisomes showed no affinity for free GFP in vitro. The three proteins shared numerous conserved motifs between themselves and with hypothetical proteins derived from the genomes of M. truncatula, Vitis vinifera and Arabidopsis thaliana. However, they showed neither significant similarities to proteins of known function nor canonical metal-binding motifs. We conclude that 'FOR'-like proteins are components of forisomes that are encoded by a well-defined gene family with relatives in taxa that lack forisomes. Since the mnemonic FOR is already registered and in use for unrelated genes, we suggest the acronym SEO (sieve element occlusion) for this family. The absence of binding sites for divalent cations suggests that the Ca(2+) binding responsible for forisome contraction is achieved either by as yet unidentified additional proteins, or by SEO proteins through a novel, uncharacterized mechanism.
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