Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18782450›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2008

The functional loss of the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor is a common event in basal-like and luminal B breast carcinomas.

Jason I Herschkowitz, Xiaping He, Cheng Fan, Charles M Perou

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03644186 (Phase II Open-label, Multicentre, Randomized Trial of Neoadjuvant Palbociclib in Combination With Hormonal Therapy and HER2 Blockade Versus Paclitaxel in Combination With HER2 Blockade for Postmenopausal Patients With Hormone Receptor Positive/HER2 Positive Early Breast Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 157 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
157citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03644186 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Phase II Open-label, Multicentre, Randomized Trial of Neoadjuvant Palbociclib in Combination With Hormonal Therapy and HER2 Blockade Versus Paclitaxel in Combination With HER2 Blockade for Postmenopausal Patients With Hormone Receptor Positive/HER2 Positive Early Breast Cancer

TypeinterventionalSponsorETOP IBCSG Partners FoundationRan2019 to 2023Enrolled147ConditionsBreast Cancer, Estrogen Receptor Positive Tumor, HER2-positive Breast CancerArmsPaclitaxel, Trastuzumab, Pertuzumab, Palbociclib, Letrozole
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

157 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 260 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Proteogenomic discovery ofScience advances · 2025
    Article
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  12. RB1 Genetic Alterations in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Carcinomas: Correlation With Neuroendocrine Differentiation.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2024
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Seize the engine: Emerging cell cycle targets in breast cancer.Clinical and translational medicine · 2024
    Review
  16. Tamoxifen Response at Single-Cell Resolution in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Primary Human Breast Tumors.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
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97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jason I HerschkowitzLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599, USA.
Xiaping He
Cheng Fan
Charles M Perou
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USUNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center

Funding

Tissue Procurement & PathologyP50CA058223 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KATHERINE A. HOADLEY · 1992 to 2026
$59.3M
Molecular Characterization of Breast Basal-like TumorsR01CA101227 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI PEROU, CHARLES M · 2003 to 2007
$2.0M
NCI NIH HHS P50 CA058223NCI NIH HHS R01 CA101227
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBreast cancers can be classified using whole genome expression into distinct subtypes that show differences in prognosis. One of these groups, the basal-like subtype, is poorly differentiated, highly metastatic, genomically unstable, and contains specific genetic alterations such as the loss of tumour protein 53 (TP53). The loss of the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor encoded by the RB1 locus is a well-characterised occurrence in many tumour types; however, its role in breast cancer is less clear with many reports demonstrating a loss of heterozygosity that does not correlate with a loss of RB1 protein expression.

methodsWe used gene expression analysis for tumour subtyping and polymorphic markers located at the RB1 locus to assess the frequency of loss of heterozygosity in 88 primary human breast carcinomas and their normal tissue genomic DNA samples.

resultsRB1 loss of heterozygosity was observed at an overall frequency of 39%, with a high frequency in basal-like (72%) and luminal B (62%) tumours. These tumours also concurrently showed low expression of RB1 mRNA. p16INK4a was highly expressed in basal-like tumours, presumably due to a previously reported feedback loop caused by RB1 loss. An RB1 loss of heterozygosity signature was developed and shown to be highly prognostic, and was potentially a predictive marker of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

conclusionsThese results suggest that the functional loss of RB1 is common in basal-like tumours, which may play a key role in dictating their aggressive biology and unique therapeutic responses.

Indexed as

Genes, RetinoblastomaLoss of HeterozygosityBreast NeoplasmsCarcinomaCell DivisionCyclin D1Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16Drug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGenes, bcl-1Genes, p16HumansNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm ProteinsOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisCCND1 protein, humanCyclin D1Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16Neoplasm ProteinsRetinoblastoma ProteinRNA, MessengerRNA, Neoplasm

Identifiers

PMID18782450
PMCPMC2614508
OpenAlexW2141223216

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.