ArticleAmerican journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)2008
CXCL6 (granulocyte chemotactic protein-2): a novel chemokine involved in the innate immune response of the amniotic cavity.
Article in American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effector and Activated T Cells Induce Preterm Labor and Birth That Is Prevented by Treatment with Progesterone.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Trial
- Novel Models to Predict Pregnancy for Patients Receiving In-Vitro-Fertilization Embryo Transfer: The Significance of Clinical Indicators and Key Gene Expression in the Endometrium.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Identifying NOTCH signaling-specialized hematopoietic supportive subpopulation from mesenchymal stem cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Single-cell and spatial profiling highlights TB-induced myofibroblasts as drivers of lung pathology.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Bidirectional causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and endometriosis at different sites.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Human milk feeding practices and serum immune profiles of one-year-old infants in the CHILD birth cohort study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Observational
- Proteomic Profiles of Maternal Plasma Extracellular Vesicles for Prediction of Preeclampsia.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2024Article
- Identification and analysis of inflammation-related biomarkers in tetralogy of Fallot.Translational pediatrics · 2024Article
- Circulating microRNA Profiles Identify a Patient Subgroup with High Inflammation and Severe Symptoms in Schizophrenia Experiencing Acute Psychosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Proteomic profile of extracellular vesicles in maternal plasma of women with fetal death.The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians · 2023Article
- Amnion-derived serum amyloid A1 participates in sterile inflammation of fetal membranes at parturition.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2023Article
- IL-22 Plays a Dual Role in the Amniotic Cavity: Tissue Injury and Host Defense against Microbes in Preterm Labor.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- ZIKV can infect human term placentas in the absence of maternal factors.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Placental mediated mechanisms of perinatal brain injury: Evolving inflammation and exosomes.Experimental neurology · 2022Review
- Bacteria in the amniotic fluid without inflammation: early colonization vs. contamination.Journal of perinatal medicine · 2021Article
- Understanding Gene Expression and Transcriptome Profiling of COVID-19: An Initiative Towards the Mapping of Protective Immunity Genes Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- The Role of Innate Immune System in the Human Amniotic Membrane and Human Amniotic Fluid in Protection Against Intra-Amniotic Infections and Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Article
- Fetal exposure to maternal inflammation interrupts murine intestinal development and increases susceptibility to neonatal intestinal injury.Disease models & mechanisms · 2019Article
- Risk of spontaneous preterm birth and fetal growth associates with fetal SLIT2.PLoS genetics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
problemCXCL6 is a potent pro-inflammatory neutrophil chemoattractant and activator whose activity during pregnancy is not well-established. The purpose of this study was to determine if CXCL6 is present in amniotic fluid (AF) and if CXCL6 concentrations in AF change with labor (pre-term and term) or intra-amniotic infection/inflammation (IAI). METHOD OF STUDY: A cross-sectional study was designed including the following groups: (1) mid-trimester (n = 65); (2) term no labor (n = 20); (3) term labor (n = 44); (4) patients with pre-term labor (PTL) with subsequent term delivery (n = 57); (5) PTL without IAI who delivered pre-term (n = 47); and (6) PTL with IAI (n = 62). AF CXCL6 concentrations were determined by ELISA.
resultsCXCL6 was present in all term samples, but undetectable in 64/65 mid-trimester specimens. Patients with PTL and IAI had a significantly higher median AF CXCL6 concentration than those with PTL without IAI [228.9 pg/mL (0.0-8344.8) versus 55.7 pg/mL (0-454.4); P < 0.05] and those with PTL and term delivery [41.5 pg/mL (0-279.0); P < 0.05]. The median AF CXCL6 concentration did not change with spontaneous term labor [term no labor: 81.1 pg/mL (8.5-201.7) versus term labor: 75.2 pg/mL (6.7-378.7): P = 0.7].
conclusion(1) CXCL6 is detectable in AF and its concentration increases with gestational age; (2) IAI results in increased AF CXCL6 concentrations, suggesting that CXCL6 plays a role in the deployment of an inflammatory response; (3) In contrast to related chemokines, specifically IL-8, AF CXCL6 does not appear to be involved in spontaneous term parturition. These observations are novel, and suggest a role for CXCL6 in the innate immune response to microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity.
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