ReviewThe ocular surface2008
Toll-like receptors at the ocular surface.
Review in The ocular surface, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toll-like receptors in corneal ectasia: linking innate immunity to keratoconus.Molecular biology reports · 2026Pooled it
- Risk factors for corneal infiltrative events during continuous wear of silicone hydrogel contact lenses.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2010Trial
- Extracellular matrix proteoglycans lumican and biglycan promote innate immune signals and viral clearance in HSV-1 infections of mouse corneas.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Mediators Involved in Conjunctival and Corneal Remodeling of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Evaluation of cytotoxicity, wound healing, and anti-inflammatory effects of netarsudil on human corneal epithelial cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Antibacterial Potential of Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Maggot Excretions/Secretions in Presence of Human Tear Fluid.Neotropical entomology · 2025Article
- Toll-like receptor 2 deficiency exacerbates corneal angiogenesis in injury by impairing regulatory T cells.Theranostics · 2025Article
- The Ocular Microbiome: Micro-Steps Towards Macro-Shift in Targeted Treatment? A Comprehensive Review.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- The immunobiology of corneal HSV-1 infection and herpetic stromal keratitis.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Unveiling molecular insights: in silico exploration of TLR4 antagonist for management of dry eye syndrome.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Short chain fatty acids inhibit corneal inflammatory responses to TLR ligands via the ocular G-protein coupled receptor 43.The ocular surface · 2024Article
- Role of Innate Interferon Responses at the Ocular Surface in Herpes Simplex Virus-1-Induced Herpetic Stromal Keratitis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comparison of Two Experimental Mouse Dry Eye Models through Inflammatory Gene Set Enrichment Analysis Based on a Multiplexed Transcriptomic Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Conjunctival Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 3 Plays a Pathogenic Role in the Formation of Ultraviolet Light-Induced Pterygium.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Foundational concepts in the biology of bacterial keratitis.Experimental eye research · 2021Review
- Extracellular Matrix Deposition and Remodeling after Corneal Alkali Burn in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- The ocular surface immune system through the eyes of aging.The ocular surface · 2021Review
- The cornea IV immunology, infection, neovascularization, and surgery chapter 1: Corneal immunology.Experimental eye research · 2021Review
- Influence of Pseudomonas autoinducer N-3-oxododecanoyl homoserine lactone on human corneal epithelial cells.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Innate Immune Interference Attenuates Inflammation In Bacillus Endophthalmitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family of pathogen recognition molecules has an important role in recognizing microbial pathogens and microbial breakdown products. Activation of TLRs in the corneal epithelium induces CXC chemokine production and recruitment of neutrophils to the corneal stroma. Although essential for pathogen killing, neutrophils can cause extensive tissue damage, leading to visual impairment and blindness. In this review, we examine the role of TLRs in microbial keratitis and in noninfectious corneal inflammation, most commonly associated with contact lens wear. we present recent findings on TLR signaling pathways in the cornea, including MyD88- and TRIF-dependent responses and discuss the role of resident macrophages and dendritic cells. Finally, we examine the potential for targeting the TLR pathway as a potential therapeutic intervention for microbial keratitis and contact lens-associated corneal inflammation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.