ArticleCell host & microbe2008
Antiretroelement activity of APOBEC3H was lost twice in recent human evolution.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 205 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple Inhibitory Factors Act in the Late Phase of HIV-1 Replication: a Systematic Review of the Literature.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2018Pooled it
- Manipulation of the cell cycle by HIV-1.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- The structural mechanism of HIV-2 Vif antagonism of human APOBEC3H.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A viral APOBEC3 antagonist distinguishes HHV-6A from HHV-6B.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Exon Targeted Retrieval and Classification Toolbox (ExTRaCT): a gene search pipeline to find APOBEC3 Z-domains in novel bat genomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- HAMMER: hairpin-based APOBEC3A-mediated mRNA editing reporter.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- HAMMER: Hairpin-based APOBEC3A-mediated mRNA editing reporter.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Guardian ubiquitin E3 ligases target cancer-associated APOBEC3 deaminases for degradation to promote human genome integrity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Characterization of a synthetic infectious cloned DNA of simian foamy virus serotype 1.Npj viruses · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Vif and Vpr cooperatively modulate the cell cycle to maximize per-cell virion production.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Article
- APOBEC3-Related Editing and Non-Editing Determinants of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 Restriction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Variability in HIV-1 transmitted/founder virus susceptibility to combined APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G host restriction.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- The role of distinct APOBEC/ADAR mRNA levels in mutational signatures linked to aging and ultraviolet radiation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Mammalian Genomic Manipulation with Orthogonal Bxb1 DNA Recombinase Sites for the Functional Characterization of Protein Variants.ACS synthetic biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Structural basis of HIV-1 Vif-mediated E3 ligase targeting of host APOBEC3H.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Different Patterns of Codon Usage and Amino Acid Composition across Primate Lentiviruses.Viruses · 2023Article
- APOBEC3 degradation is the primary function of HIV-1 Vif for virus replication in the myeloid cell line THP-1.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Article
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The primate APOBEC3 gene locus encodes a family of proteins (APOBEC3A-H) with various antiviral and antiretroelement activities. Here, we trace the evolution of APOBEC3H activity in hominoids to identify a human-specific loss of APOBEC3H antiviral activity. Reconstruction of the predicted ancestral human APOBEC3H protein shows that human ancestors encoded a stable form of this protein with potent antiviral activity. Subsequently, the antiviral activity of APOBEC3H was lost via two polymorphisms that are each independently sufficient to destabilize the protein. Nonetheless, an APOBEC3H allele that encodes a stably expressed protein is still maintained at high frequency, primarily in African populations. This stable APOBEC3H protein has potent activity against retroviruses and retrotransposons, including HIV and LINE-1 elements. The surprising finding that APOBEC3H antiviral activity has been lost in the majority of humans may have important consequences for our susceptibility to retroviral infections as well as ongoing retroelement proliferation in the human genome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.