ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2008
Inflammatory markers and cognitive function in middle-aged adults: the Whitehall II study.
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Higher Levels of Lipoprotein Associated Phospholipase A2 is associated with Increased Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment: the APAC Study.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- General intelligence is associated with subclinical inflammation in Nepalese children: A population-based plasma proteomics study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2016Trial
- Increase in the Inflammatory Marker GlycA over 13 Years in Young Adults Is Associated with Poorer Cognitive Function in Midlife.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Exploratory Biological Correlates of Cognitive and Language Performance in Healthy Pubertal Children: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The impact of osteoarthritis and geriatric depression scale on mini-mental state examination trajectories over seven years.European journal of ageing · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular disease and depression: a bidirectional relationship and its clinical implications.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Association of Changes in C-Reactive Protein Level Trajectories Through Early Adulthood With Cognitive Function at Midlife: The CARDIA Study.Neurology · 2024Article
- Repetitive thought, cognition, and systemic inflammation in the midlife in the United States study.Psychology & health · 2024Article
- C-Reactive protein and cognition: Mediation analyses with brain morphology in the UK Biobank.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
- Understanding Cognitive Deficits in People with Arthritis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Neurocognitive Effects of Cannabis Across the Lifespan.Current behavioral neuroscience reports · 2021Article
- Adulthood systemic inflammation accelerates the trajectory of age-related cognitive decline.Aging · 2021Article
- Peripheral Markers of Depression.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Neonatal vitamin D levels and cognitive ability in young adulthood.European journal of nutrition · 2020Article
- Clinical and Biological Correlates of Preoperative Cognitive Functioning of Glioma and Meningioma Patients.BioMed research international · 2020Article
- Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids status and cognitive function in young women.Lipids in health and disease · 2019Article
- The relationship of CRP and cognition in cognitively normal older Mexican Americans: A cross-sectional study of the HABLE cohort.Medicine · 2019Article
- Effect of Systemic Inflammation on Rat Attentional Function and Neuroinflammation: Possible Protective Role for Food Restriction.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2019Article
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin improves spatial memory and NMDA receptor function in aged animals.Neurobiology of aging · 2018Article
- Redox Signaling in Neurotransmission and Cognition During Aging.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo assess whether C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are associated with low cognitive performance and decline in middle-aged adults. DESIGN/
settingThe Whitehall II study; an ongoing large-scale, prospective occupational cohort study of employees from 20 London-based white-collar Civil Service departments.
participantsData from more than 3000 males and 1200 female employees. MEASURES: Inflammatory makers measured in 1991-1993 and five cognitive tests (short-term verbal memory, inductive reasoning (AH4-I), vocabulary (Mill Hill), and phonemic and semantic fluency) performed in 1997-1999 and 2002-2004. Performance in the lowest sex-specific quintile indicated low cognitive performance or decline. Covariates included sociodemographics, health behaviours and health conditions.
resultsIn age-adjusted analyses both CRP and IL-6 were associated with all cognitive measures in 1997-1999, even though the association with memory was not consistent. After extensive adjustment raised CRP levels were only associated with poor cognitive performance on the AH4-I (OR=1.38; 95% CI: 1.05-1.82) and Mill Hill (OR=1.52; 95% CI: 1.14-2.03) and IL-6 on semantic fluency (OR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.14-2.03). Associations were more evident in men than in women. No clear relationship was observed for decline.
conclusionsOur results suggest that raised levels of inflammatory markers in midlife are moderately associated with lower cognitive status, but little with cognitive decline.
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Registered trials
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