ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2009
Higher monocyte expression of TLR2 and TLR4, and enhanced pro-inflammatory synergy of TLR2 with NOD2 stimulation in sarcoidosis.
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rosacea scleritis and sclero-uveitis; under recognised and over treated.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2026Review
- Differential Transcriptomic Features of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Pulmonary Sarcoidosis with and Without Extrapulmonary Lesions in an East Asian Population.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Immunopathogenesis of Sarcoidosis.Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Review
- Multi-omic signatures of sarcoidosis and progression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Phenotypes and Serum Biomarkers in Sarcoidosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Emerging Therapeutic Options for Refractory Pulmonary Sarcoidosis: The Evidence and Proposed Mechanisms of Action.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Immune mechanisms in fibrotic pulmonary sarcoidosis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Review
- Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Noninfectious Granulomatous Lung Disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Review
- Sarcoidosis-Related Cardiomyopathy: Current Knowledge, Challenges, and Future Perspectives State-of-the-Art Review.Journal of cardiac failure · 2022Review
- Trained immunity as a possible newcomer in autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases pathophysiology.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Integrative bioinformatics analysis to explore a robust diagnostic signature and landscape of immune cell infiltration in sarcoidosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies macrophage transcriptional heterogeneities in granulomatous diseases.The European respiratory journal · 2021Article
- Toll-like receptors 2 expression in mediastinal lymph node of patients with sarcoidosis.Annals of translational medicine · 2020Article
- Clinical Presentations, Pathogenesis, and Therapy of Sarcoidosis: State of the Art.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Synergistic Activation of Toll-Like and NOD Receptors by Complementary Antigens as Facilitators of Autoimmune Disease: Review, Model and Novel Predictions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sarcoidosis: Current Use and Future Prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Adaptive Immunity in Pulmonary Sarcoidosis and Chronic Beryllium Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- The rheumatic disease-associated FAM167A-BLK locus encodes DIORA-1, a novel disordered protein expressed highly in bronchial epithelium and alveolar macrophages.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2018Article
- The Potential Role of Trained Immunity in Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Fungal cell wall agents and bacterial lipopolysaccharide in organic dust as possible risk factors for pulmonary sarcoidosis.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. However, an infectious cause has been proposed suggesting a role for pattern-recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding domain, leucin-rich repeat containing family proteins (NLRs), in the pathogenesis.
objectiveOur aim was to investigate whether differences in TLR2 and TLR4 expression, and the response to TLR2, TLR4, and NOD2 stimulation, are associated with sarcoidosis. MATERIALS AND
methodsBlood mononuclear cells from sarcoidosis patients (n = 24) and healthy subjects (n = 19) were incubated with the TLR2 ligands PGN and Pam3CSK4, the TLR4 ligand LPS, the NOD2 ligand MDP, or medium alone. After 16 h, monocyte TLR2 and TLR4 expression and cytokine secretion, including TNFalpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12p70, were measured using flow cytometry and cytometric bead array.
resultsTLR2 and TLR4 expression at baseline was significantly higher in patients. Combined TLR2 and NOD2 stimulation induced a four-fold higher secretion of TNFalpha and a 13-fold higher secretion of IL-1 beta in patients. Additionally, there was a synergistic effect of TLR2 with NOD2 stimulation on induction of IL-1 beta in patients, whereas IL-10 was synergistically induced in healthy subjects.
conclusionIncreased TLR expression and enhanced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines after combined TLR2 and NOD2 stimulation may be related to the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.