ReviewMolecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)
Pharmacology of traumatic brain injury: where is the "golden bullet"?
Review in Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02383472 (Transcranial LED Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Mild Traumatic Brain Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 83 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Transcranial LED Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Prehospital Intubation is Associated with Favorable Outcomes and Lower Mortality in ProTECT III.Prehospital emergency careTrial
- Article
- The Relationship Between Inflammation and the Development of Cerebral Ischaemia and Hypoxia in Traumatic Brain Injury-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Subcellular and macrostructural immediate responders to airblast traumatic brain injury.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Characterization of an Advanced Blast Simulator for Investigation of Large Scale Blast Traumatic Brain Injury Studies.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Antisecretory Factor 16 (AF16): A Promising Avenue for the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury-An In Vitro Model Approach.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2024Article
- Article
- Weight-Drop Method for Inducing Closed Head Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Memantine inhibits cortical spreading depolarization and improves neurovascular function following repetitive traumatic brain injury.Science advances · 2023Article
- Cdk5 mediates rotational force-induced brain injury.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- NS1619 Alleviate Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Induced Brain Injury by Regulating BKca Channel and Nrf2/HO-1/NF-ĸB Pathway.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- Soluble terminal complement activation fragment sC5b-9: a new serum biomarker for traumatic brain injury?European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2021Observational
- The Complexity of Secondary Cascade Consequent to Traumatic Brain Injury: Pathobiology and Potential Treatments.Current neuropharmacology · 2021Article
- Neurogenic induction of human dental pulp derived stem cells by hanging drop technique, basic fibroblast growth factor, and SHH factors.Dental research journal · 2021Article
- Glia Maturation Factor (GMF) Regulates Microglial Expression Phenotypes and the Associated Neurological Deficits in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- Glycyrrhizin Blocks the Detrimental Effects of HMGB1 on Cortical Neurogenesis After Traumatic Neuronal Injury.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Perinatal IL-1β-induced inflammation suppresses Tbr2Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
- Neuroprotective Potentials of Marine Algae and Their Bioactive Metabolites: Pharmacological Insights and Therapeutic Advances.Marine drugs · 2020Review
- Potential of mesenchymal stem cells alone, or in combination, to treat traumatic brain injury.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2020Review
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major health care problem and a significant socioeconomic challenge worldwide. In the United States alone, approximately 1.5 million patients are affected each year, and the mortality of severe TBI remains as high as 35%-40%. These statistics underline the urgent need for efficient treatment modalities to improve posttraumatic morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in basic and clinical research as well as improved neurological intensive care in recent years, no specific pharmacological therapy for TBI is available that would improve the outcome of these patients. Understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological events after TBI has resulted in the identification of new potential therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, the extrapolation from basic research data to clinical application in TBI patients has invariably failed, and results from prospective clinical trials are disappointing. We review the published prospective clinical trials on pharmacological treatment modalities for TBI patients and outline future promising therapeutic avenues in the field.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.