ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2008
A novel role for non-neutralizing antibodies against nucleoprotein in facilitating resistance to influenza virus.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 180 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
180 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 306 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Changes in antigen-specific IgG1 Fc N-glycosylation upon influenza and tetanus vaccination.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2012Trial
- TRIM21 Neutralizes Hazara Virus Using a Dual Mechanism of Nucleoprotein Caging and Ubiquitination.Viruses · 2026Article
- Structural and mechanistic insights into protective non-neutralizing antibodies targeting Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus nucleocapsid protein.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Counteracting Influenza Virus Evolution Through the Full Spectrum of Broadly Protective Antibodies.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Broadly reactive human monoclonal antibodies targeting influenza a nucleoprotein lack protective activity in vivo.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Generation of an autophagy-targeting influenza A virus as live attenuated vaccine.Nature communications · 2026Article
- B cell immunity to the Lassa virus glycoprotein is a correlate of vaccination-induced virus control in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- FLU-v, a Broad-Spectrum Peptide-Based Influenza Vaccine, Induces NK Cell Activating IgG1 and IgG3 Subclass Antibodies in Humans.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Effect of Seasonal Influenza Vaccines on Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus Infection in Ferrets.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Vaccination against influenza viruses annually: Renewing or narrowing the protective shield?The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Safety and Immunogenicity of OVX836, a Nucleoprotein-Based Universal Influenza Vaccine, Co-Administered with FluarixVaccines · 2025Article
- Administration of antigenically distinct influenza viral particle combinations as an influenza vaccine strategy.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Antibodies targeting the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus nucleoprotein protect via TRIM21.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Analysis of polyclonal and monoclonal antibody to the influenza virus nucleoprotein in different oligomeric states.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Cell surface RNA virus nucleocapsid proteins: a viral strategy for immunosuppression?Npj viruses · 2024Review
- Article
- A novel method to assess antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity against influenza A virus M2 in immunized murine models.Biosafety and health · 2024Article
- Polyanhydride nanovaccine against H3N2 influenza A virus generates mucosal resident and systemic immunity promoting protection.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
120 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Current influenza vaccines elicit Abs to the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase envelope proteins. Due to antigenic drift, these vaccines must be reformulated annually to include the envelope proteins predicted to dominate in the following season. By contrast, vaccination with the conserved nucleoprotein (NP) elicits immunity against multiple serotypes (heterosubtypic immunity). NP vaccination is generally thought to convey protection primarily via CD8 effector mechanisms. However, significant titers of anti-NP Abs are also induced, yet the involvement of Abs in protection has largely been disregarded. To investigate how Ab responses might contribute to heterosubtypic immunity, we vaccinated C57BL/6 mice with soluble rNP. This approach induced high titers of NP-specific serum Ab, but only poorly detectable NP-specific T cell responses. Nevertheless, rNP immunization significantly reduced morbidity and viral titers after influenza challenge. Importantly, Ab-deficient mice were not protected by this vaccination strategy. Furthermore, rNP-immune serum could transfer protection to naive hosts in an Ab-dependent manner. Therefore, Ab to conserved, internal viral proteins, such as NP, provides an unexpected, yet important mechanism of protection against influenza. These results suggest that vaccines designed to elicit optimal heterosubtypic immunity to influenza should promote both Ab and T cell responses to conserved internal proteins.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.