ReviewNature clinical practice. Rheumatology2008
Nature and functions of autoantibodies.
Review in Nature clinical practice. Rheumatology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 207 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
207 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 379 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autoantibodies in cancer: a systematic review of their clinical role in the most prevalent cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Serum autoantibodyome reveals that healthy individuals share common autoantibodies.Cell reports · 2022Pooled it
- [Guideline S1: Long COVID: Diagnostics and treatment strategies].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2021Guideline
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia and autoimmunity: a systematic review.Haematologica · 2011Pooled it
- Antibody-Based Therapeutics in Autoimmune Diseases: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Natural anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies are associated with lower risk for depression and PTSD symptoms after traumatic brain injury.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Assessment of Anti-M3R antibody in patients with oral lichen planus complaining of xerostomia: a preliminary study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Targeting FcRn for immunomodulation: a promising therapy in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Article
- Pro-Cognitive Effects of IgM Isotype Anti-NMDAR1 Autoantibodies in Mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Natural Anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies associate with slowed decline of cognitive functions in Alzheimer's diseases.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Autoantibodies as Precision Tools in Connective Tissue Diseases: From Epiphenomenon to Endophenotype.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- TLR7 signaling aggravates lung inflammation associated with increased anti-Scl-70 autoantibody production in murine bleomycin-induced systemic sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immunopathogenesis and Therapeutics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: an Integrative Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Identification of Antibodies to Chondrocyte and Synoviocyte Antigens in Equine Osteoarthritis.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2025Article
- Optimizing Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy: An Overview of Pharmacokinetics, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.Cancers · 2025Review
- Can we cure vasculitis?Current opinion in immunology · 2025Review
- Regulators and Conductors of Immunity: Natural Immune System in Health and Autoimmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome and Orthostatic Hypotension Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.JACC. CardioOncology · 2025Article
- Unique characteristics of autoantibodies targeting MET in patients with breast and lung cancer.JCI insight · 2025Article
147 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Antibodies that react with self-molecules occur in healthy individuals and are referred to as natural antibodies or autoantibodies. Natural autoantibodies are mainly IgM, are encoded by unmutated V(D)J genes and display a moderate affinity for self-antigens. They provide a first line of defense against infections, probably serve housekeeping functions and contribute to the homeostasis of the immune system. By contrast, high-affinity, somatically mutated IgG autoantibodies reflect a pathologic process whereby homeostatic pathways related to cell clearance, antigen-receptor signaling or cell effector functions are disturbed. In some autoimmune disorders, autoantibodies might be present before disease onset, show remarkable specificity and serve as biomarkers providing an opportunity for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. In organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as myasthenia gravis or pemphigus, autoantibodies directly bind to and injure target organs. In systemic autoimmune diseases, autoantibodies react with free molecules, such as phospholipids, as well as cell surface and nucleoprotein antigens, forming pathogenic antigen-antibody (immune) complexes. These autoantibodies injure tissues and organs through engagement of Fc gammaR activation of complement as well as internalization and activation of Toll-like receptors. Activation of intracellular Toll-like receptors in plasmacytoid dendritic cells leads to the production of type I interferon, whereas engagement of intracellular Toll-like receptors on antigen-presenting cells stimulates cell activation and the production of other inflammatory cytokines. Thus, immune complexes might perpetuate a positive feedback loop amplifying inflammatory responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.