Trial reportJournal of the American Dietetic Association2008
Calcium, vitamin D supplementation, and physical function in the Women's Health Initiative.
Trial report in Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Handgrip Strength in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation and its influence on muscle strength and mobility in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2017Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of cancer in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- The nonskeletal effects of vitamin D: an Endocrine Society scientific statement.Endocrine reviews · 2012Pooled it
- Effect of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2011Pooled it
- Vitamin D-related changes in physical performance: a systematic review.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2009Pooled it
- Effects of a multicomponent exercise program combined with calcium-vitamin DEuropean journal of nutrition · 2020Trial
- The effects of single high-dose or daily low-dosage oral colecalciferol treatment on vitamin D levels and muscle strength in postmenopausal women.BMC endocrine disorders · 2018Trial
- Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and height loss: findings from the Women's Health Initiative Calcium and Vitamin D clinical trial.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2016Trial
- Vitamin D supplementation to prevent depression and poor physical function in older adults: Study protocol of the D-Vitaal study, a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.BMC geriatrics · 2015Trial
- Cancer incidence and mortality during the intervention and postintervention periods of the Women's Health Initiative dietary modification trial.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2014Trial
- Relationship of psychotropic medication use with physical function among postmenopausal women.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Commentary on the Women's Health Initiative: Over 30 Years of Contribution to Nutrition and Dietetics.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2024Article
- The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation to Parameter of Sarcopenia in Elderly People: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Canadian geriatrics journal : CGJ · 2024Review
- Bone Alterations in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Role of Osteoprotegerin.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- The effects of vitamin D supplementation on muscle function among postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.EXCLI journal · 2019Article
- Body composition and physical function in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.Preventive medicine reports · 2018Article
- Determinants of muscle preservation in individuals with cerebral palsy across the lifespan: a narrative review of the literature.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2018Review
- Fatigue and Vitamin D Status in Iranian Female Nurses.Global journal of health science · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized trial of calcium/vitamin D supplementation found reduced bone loss with active treatment compared to placebo. Now we examine whether the treatment affected self-reported physical functioning and objective measures of physical functioning.
designA randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 1,000 mg calcium carbonate plus 400 IU vitamin D(3) per day or matching placebo pills. SUBJECTS/
settingThe study included 33,067 women (50 to 79 years old) at 40 US study centers.
main outcome measuresPhysical functioning was assessed by questionnaire at enrollment in WHI, 1 year prior to calcium/vitamin D trial randomization and at study close-out (average follow-up 7.1 years). Objective physical performance and self-reported exercise measures were collected at WHI baseline (1 year prior to calcium/vitamin D enrollment) and 2 years and 4 years after calcium/vitamin D trial enrollment in a subsample (n=3,137). STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Calcium/vitamin D effects were tested in unadjusted and interaction linear models for each of the physical function measures. Covariates were baseline total calcium intake, fracture risk score, treatment arm in the hormone therapy and dietary modification trials (ie, active drug or placebo, low-fat diet intervention or usual diet, respectively) and age.
resultsNeither intention to treat nor high adherence analyses produced substantial effects of calcium/vitamin D compared to placebo on physical functioning or performance. The interaction analyses also did not result in differences because of calcium/vitamin D.
conclusionsAs the first long-term randomized trial to examine the effectiveness of calcium and vitamin D in protecting against decline of physical functioning in older women, the results did not support benefit.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.