ArticleJournal of virology2008
The M, E, and N structural proteins of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus are required for efficient assembly, trafficking, and release of virus-like particles.
Article in Journal of virology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 303 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
303 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 525 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review: A systematic review of virus-like particles of coronavirus: Assembly, generation, chimerism and their application in basic research and in the clinic.International journal of biological macromolecules · 2022Pooled it
- Coronavirus membrane protein with a fluorescent protein tag enables particle tracking for the study of virus assembly and egress in live cells.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Structural and Accessory Proteins: Emerging Opportunities for Small-Molecule Coronavirus Antivirals.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- BST-2 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 egress at intracellular membranes and is neutralized by ORF7a.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 enhances lysosomal exocytosis and deacidifies lysosomes to facilitate viral release.mLife · 2026Article
- Pentameric Architecture of the SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein Revealed by SEC-MALS, Cryo-EM, and Molecular Dynamics.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2026Article
- Clustering of SARS-CoV-2 membrane proteins in lipid bilayer membranes.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Coronavirus genome packaging and nucleocapsid assembly.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 S assembly into virions facilitated by host ERM proteins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein biogenesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Human β defensin type 2 based novel antimicrobial peptide prediction using both molecular dynamics simulation and artificial intelligence methods.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Article
- Coronavirus membrane protein with a fluorescent protein tag enables tracking of virus particles in live cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- An unconventional HxD motif orchestrates coatomer-dependent coronavirus morphogenesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Insights Into Effects of Natural Bioactive Components on Inflammatory Diseases in Respiratory Tract.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Host protein ARF1 is a proviral factor for SARS-CoV-2 and a candidate broad-spectrum therapeutic target.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 remodels the Golgi apparatus to facilitate viral assembly and secretion.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Exploring the Interaction of RBD with Human β Defensin Type 2 Point Mutants: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2025Article
243 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The production of virus-like particles (VLPs) constitutes a relevant and safe model to study molecular determinants of virion egress. The minimal requirement for the assembly of VLPs for the coronavirus responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome in humans (SARS-CoV) is still controversial. Recent studies have shown that SARS-CoV VLP formation depends on either M and E proteins or M and N proteins. Here we show that both E and N proteins must be coexpressed with M protein for the efficient production and release of VLPs by transfected Vero E6 cells. This suggests that the mechanism of SARS-CoV assembly differs from that of other studied coronaviruses, which only require M and E proteins for VLP formation. When coexpressed, the native envelope trimeric S glycoprotein is incorporated onto VLPs. Interestingly, when a fluorescent protein tag is added to the C-terminal end of N or S protein, but not M protein, the chimeric viral proteins can be assembled within VLPs and allow visualization of VLP production and trafficking in living cells by state-of-the-art imaging technologies. Fluorescent VLPs will be used further to investigate the role of cellular machineries during SARS-CoV egress.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.