ReviewLeukemia2008
Etiology of common childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: the adrenal hypothesis.
Review in Leukemia, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cesarean section and risk of childhood leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Early vaccination protects against childhood leukemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Association between CEBPE Variant and Childhood Acute Leukemia Risk: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis of 22 Studies.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Allergy and the risk of childhood leukemia: a meta-analysis.Leukemia · 2009Pooled it
- Modulation of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Trial
- [Epidemiology of childhood leukemia in Mexico and Latin America: Effects of vulnerability and social justice].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2026Article
- A first-born twin has a higher risk of acute leukemia in a population-based assessment of cancer in twins in California, and a lower than anticipated rate of twin concordance.Haematologica · 2025Article
- Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- Spontaneous Remission of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Candida tropicalis Fungemia.Cureus · 2024Article
- Defining the Basal and Immunomodulatory Mediator-Induced Phosphoprotein Signature in Pediatric B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) Diagnostic Samples.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Interaction between birth characteristics andFrontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Persistently high incidence rates of childhood acute leukemias from 2010 to 2017 in Mexico City: A population study from the MIGICCL.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Genetic and Epigenetic Characterization of a DiscordantInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Etiology of Acute Leukemia: A Review.Cancers · 2021Review
- Have COVID-19 affected ALL epidemiology?Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2021Article
- Editorial: Prevention in Acute Leukemias in Children.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Epidemiology and Etiology of Leukemia and Lymphoma.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2020Review
- Cesarean Delivery and Risk of Infant Leukemia: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pattern of infections in the first years of life modulates our immune system, and a low incidence of infections has been linked to an increased risk of common childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We here present a new interpretation of these observations--the adrenal hypothesis--that proposes that the risk of childhood ALL is reduced when early childhood infections induce qualitative and quantitative changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis that increase plasma cortisol levels. This may directly eliminate leukemic cells as well as preleukemic cells for the ALL subsets that dominate in the first 5-7 years of life and may furthermore suppress the Th1-dominated proinflammatory response to infections, and thus lower the proliferative stress on pre-existing preleukemic cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.