ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2008
The role of particle composition on the association between PM2.5 and mortality.
Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Short term exposure to air pollution and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2015Pooled it
- Arsenic exposure and cardiovascular disease: an updated systematic review.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2012Pooled it
- A meta-analysis and multisite time-series analysis of the differential toxicity of major fine particulate matter constituents.American journal of epidemiology · 2012Pooled it
- Ozone and survival in four cohorts with potentially predisposing diseases.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2011Pooled it
- Associations of prenatal fine particulate matter mixtures with neurodevelopmental outcomes in early childhood: component- and source-specific insights.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Article
- Looking through the particles: a narrative review of air pollution and lung cancer.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- Exposure to fine particulate matter constituents increases sarcopenia risk in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The effect of chronic inflammation on female fertility.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2025Review
- Fine Particulate Matter Components and Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Large General Canadian Open Cohort Study.Arthritis care & research · 2025Article
- Air pollution mixture complexity and its effect on PMEnvironmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- Associations between Fine Particulate Matter Components, Their Sources, and Cognitive Outcomes in Children Ages 9-10 Years Old from the United States.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Analysis of PMJournal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) · 2024Article
- Long-term exposure to PM2.5 species and all-cause mortality among Medicare patients using mixtures analyses.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Air Pollutants and Risk of Parkinson's Disease among Women in the Sister Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Characterizing metals in particulate pollution in communities at the fenceline of heavy industry: combining mobile monitoring and size-resolved filter measurements.Environmental science. Processes & impacts · 2023Article
- Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate components and leukocyte epigenome-wide DNA Methylation in older men: the Normative Aging Study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Article
- Article
- Applying principal component pursuit to investigate the association between source-specific fine particulate matter and myocardial infarction hospitalizations in New York City.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2023Article
- Gene-environment interactions and their impact on human health.Genes and immunity · 2023Review
- Effects of Light-absorbing Carbons in Intraoperative Molecular Imaging-Guided Lung Cancer Resections.Molecular imaging and biology · 2023Article
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough the association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) mass and mortality is well established, there remains uncertainty about which chemical components of PM are most harmful to human health.
methodsA hierarchical approach was used to determine how the association between daily PM2.5 mass and mortality was modified by PM2.5 composition in 25 US communities. First, the association between daily PM2.5 and mortality was determined for each community and season using Poisson regression. Second, we used meta-regression to examine how the pooled association was modified by community and season-specific particle composition.
resultsThere was a 0.74% (95% confidence interval = 0.41%-1.07%) increase in nonaccidental deaths associated with a 10 microg/m3 increase in 2-day averaged PM2.5 mass concentration. This association was smaller in the west (0.51% [0.10%-0.92%]) than in the east (0.92% [0.23%-1.36%]), and was highest in spring (1.88% [0.23%-1.36%]). It was increased when PM2.5 mass contained a higher proportion of aluminum (interquartile range = 0.58%), arsenic (0.55%), sulfate (0.51%), silicon (0.41%), and nickel (0.37%). The combination of aluminum, sulfate, and nickel also modified the effect. These species proportions explained residual variability between the community-specific PM2.5 mass effect estimates.
conclusionsThis study shows that certain chemical species modify the association between PM2.5 and mortality and illustrates that mass alone is not a sufficient metric when evaluating health effects of PM exposure.
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