ReviewJournal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia2008
Common integration sites for MMTV in viral induced mouse mammary tumors.
Review in Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human betaretrovirus (HBRV), homologous to mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), and human breast cancer: a significant epidemiological association.Retrovirology · 2026Pooled it
- MMTV-like Viruses and Human Breast Cancer: Evidence for Causality.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Human sporadic breast carcinoma histotypes driven by the Human Betaretrovirus homologous to Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Molecular Mechanism of Breast Cancer and Predisposition of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Propagation Cycle.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Identification and characterization of host miRNAs that target the mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV) genome.Open biology · 2024Article
- Exploring the link between viruses and cancer in companion animals: a comprehensive and comparative analysis.Infectious agents and cancer · 2023Review
- Article
- The Viral Origin of Human Breast Cancer: From the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) to the Human Betaretrovirus (HBRV).Viruses · 2022Review
- Notch Signaling in Breast Tumor Microenvironment as Mediator of Drug Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) and MMTV-like Viruses: An In-depth Look at a Controversial Issue.Viruses · 2022Review
- Transgenic mouse models of breast cancer.Cancer letters · 2021Article
- Does the Mouse Mammary Gland Arise from Unipotent or Multipotent Mammary Stem/Progenitor Cells?Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2018Review
- Insertional mutagenesis in a HER2-positive breast cancer model reveals ERAS as a driver of cancer and therapy resistance.Oncogene · 2018Article
- Low prevalence of human mammary tumor virus (HMTV) in breast cancer patients from Myanmar.Infectious agents and cancer · 2017Article
- Lessons Learned from Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus in Animal Models.ILAR journal · 2016Article
- Mitochondrial mass, a new metabolic biomarker for stem-like cancer cells: Understanding WNT/FGF-driven anabolic signaling.Oncotarget · 2015Article
- Role of novel retroviruses in chronic liver disease: assessing the link of human betaretrovirus with primary biliary cirrhosis.Current infectious disease reports · 2015Article
- BST-2/tetherin is overexpressed in mammary gland and tumor tissues in MMTV-induced mammary cancer.Virology · 2013Article
- Late developing mammary tumors and hyperplasia induced by a low-oncogenic variant of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) express genes identical to those induced by canonical MMTV.Molecular cancer · 2013Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The paradigm of mammary cancer induction by the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is used to illustrate the body of evidence that supports the hypothesis that mammary epithelial stem/progenitor cells represent targets for oncogenic transformation. It is argued that this is not a special case applicable only to MMTV-induced mammary cancer, because MMTV acts as an environmental mutagen producing random interruptions in the somatic DNA of infected cells by insertion of proviral DNA copies. In addition to disrupting the host genome, the proviral DNA also influences gene expression through its associated enhancer sequences over significant inter-genomic distances. Genes commonly affected by MMTV insertion in multiple individual tumors include, the Wnt, FGF, RSpo gene families as well as eIF3e and Notch4. All of these gene families are known to play essential roles in stem cell maintenance and behavior in a variety of organs. The MMTV-induced mutations accumulate in cells that are long-lived and possess the properties of stem cells, namely, self-renewal and the capacity to produce divergent epithelial progeny through asymmetric division. The evidence shows that epithelial cells with these properties are present in normal mammary glands, may be infected with MMTV, become transformed to produce epithelial hyperplasia through MMTV-induced mutagenesis and progress to frank mammary malignancy. Retroviral marking via MMTV proviral insertion demonstrates that this process progresses from a single mammary epithelial cell that possesses all of the features ascribed to tissue-specific stem cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.