ReviewCNS drugs2008
Use of botulinum toxin A in adult neurological disorders: efficacy, tolerability and safety.
Review in CNS drugs, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled Safety Analysis of IncobotulinumtoxinA in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders in Adults.Toxins · 2023Article
- Smell and taste in idiopathic blepharospasm.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021Article
- Jitter Evaluation in Distant and Adjacent Muscles after Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Injection in 78 Cases.Toxins · 2020Article
- Review
- Paclitaxel is an inhibitor and its boron dipyrromethene derivative is a fluorescent recognition agent for botulinum neurotoxin subtype A.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2013Article
- Comparative evaluation of the potency and antigenicity of two distinct BoNT/A-derived formulations.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2013Article
- Identification of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) as a protein receptor for botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A).PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
- Review
- Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A specific cell-based potency assay to replace the mouse bioassay.PloS one · 2012Article
- Optimal management for people with severe spasticity.Degenerative neurological and neuromuscular disease · 2012Review
- Review
- Use of botulinum toxin in the neurology clinic.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2010Review
- Capsaicin protects mouse neuromuscular junctions from the neuroparalytic effects of botulinum neurotoxin a.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The protein botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) is one of seven distinct neurotoxins produced by Clostridium botulinum. BoNT/A blocks cholinergic synapses with an extremely high specificity and potency. Appropriately purified and diluted, BoNT/A serves as a reliable and well tolerated drug that is applied by local injection.The efficacy of BoNT/A is evident in the symptomatic therapy of disorders in which muscular hyperactivity plays a prominent role, such as focal dystonias and hemifacial spasm; in these disorders, BoNT/A is considered first-line therapy. BoNT/A is also beneficial in the treatment of both adults and children with spasticity of various causes. The pain that frequently accompanies these conditions is effectively reduced by BoNT/A. A genuine analgesic effect for BoNT/A unrelated to skeletal muscle spasmolysis has been suggested on the basis of in vitro and in vivo (animal) data. However, studies in humans designed to detect such an effect were negative, as were controlled studies of BoNT/A in patients with primary headache disorders.BoNT/A also acts on cholinergic synapses of the autonomic nervous system, and injection of BoNT/A into salivary glands significantly decreases the production of saliva. This may be beneficial for patients with Parkinson's disease, in whom the excessive production of saliva may be problematic.Overall, BoNT/A has been confirmed as an efficacious, predictable and well tolerated drug in an ever-increasing number of neurological disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.