Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18698231›Full record

ArticlePharmacogenetics and genomics2008

Polymorphisms affecting gene transcription and mRNA processing in pharmacogenetic candidate genes: detection through allelic expression imbalance in human target tissues.

Andrew D Johnson, Ying Zhang, Audrey C Papp, Julia K Pinsonneault, Jeong-Eun Lim, David Saffen, Zunyan Dai, Danxin Wang, Wolfgang Sadée

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmacogenetics and genomics, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Andrew D JohnsonDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Johnsonad2@nhlbi.nih.gov
Ying Zhang
Audrey C Papp
Julia K Pinsonneault
Jeong-Eun Lim
David Saffen
Zunyan Dai
Danxin Wang
Wolfgang Sadée
The Ohio State University · US

Funding

PHARMACOGENETICS OF MEMBRANE TRANSPORTERSU01GM061390 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GIACOMINI, KATHLEEN M · 2000 to 2009
$29.2M
Hypertension PharmacogeneticsR01HL074730 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI JOHNSON, JULIE A. · 2003 to 2006
$3.4M
Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of Addiction GenesR01DA022199 · NIDA · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI SADEE, WOLFGANG · 2006 to 2010
$1.7M
Serotonin-related genes in human brainR21MH081237 · NIMH · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI SADEE, WOLFGANG · 2007 to 2008
$371k
Polymorphisms in Regulatory Regions of Addiction GenesR21DA018744 · NIDA · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI SADEE, WOLFGANG · 2004 to 2005
$299k
NHLBI NIH HHS 5R01 HL 074730-04NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL074730NIDA NIH HHS DA 018744NIDA NIH HHS DA 022199NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA022199NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA018744NIGMS NIH HHS 5U01 GM 061390-07NIGMS NIH HHS U01 GM061390NIMH NIH HHS MH 081237NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH081237
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGenetic variation in mRNA expression plays a critical role in human phenotypic diversity, but it has proven difficult to detect regulatory polymorphisms - mostly single nucleotide polymorphisms (rSNPs). Additionally, variants in the transcribed region, termed here 'structural RNA SNPs' (srSNPs), can affect mRNA processing and turnover. Both rSNPs and srSNPs cause allelic mRNA expression imbalance (AEI) in heterozygous individuals. We have used AEI to discover and characterize regulatory polymorphisms in OPRM1, TPH2, MDR1, DRD2, and VKORC1. The objective of this study was to use AEI to determine the extent of cis-regulatory factors in pharmacogenetic genes.

methodsWe applied a rapid and accurate AEI methodology for testing 42 genes implicated in cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases, and affecting drug metabolism and transport. Each gene was analyzed in physiologically relevant human autopsy tissues, including brain, heart, liver, intestines, and lymphocytes.

resultsSubstantial AEI was observed in approximately 55% of the surveyed genes. Focusing on cardiovascular candidate genes in human hearts, AEI analysis revealed frequent cis-acting regulatory factors in ACE and SOD2 mRNA expression, having potential clinical significance. SNP scanning to locate regulatory polymorphisms in a number of genes failed to support several previously proposed promoter SNPs discovered with use of reporter gene assays in heterologous tissues, while srSNPs appear more frequent than expected. Computational analysis of mRNA folding indicates that approximately 90% of srSNPs affect mRNA folding, and hence potentially function.

conclusionOur results indicate that both rSNPs and srSNPs represent a still largely untapped reservoir of variants that contribute to human phenotypic diversity.

Indexed as

Allelic ImbalanceRNA Processing, Post-TranscriptionalTranscription, GeneticAutopsyCardiovascular DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression RegulationHumansPharmacogeneticsPolymerase Chain ReactionPolymorphism, Single NucleotidePromoter Regions, GeneticRNA, MessengerRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID18698231
PMCPMC2779843
OpenAlexW2086010518

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.