ArticleImmunity2008
T cell-independent and toll-like receptor-dependent antigen-driven activation of autoreactive B cells.
Article in Immunity, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 209 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effective posttransplant antitumor immunity is associated with TLR-stimulating nucleic acid-immunoglobulin complexes in humans.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2011Trial
- Epigenetic regulation of B cell tolerance and dysfunction in autoimmune disease.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Interferon-Mediated Regulation of Memory B Cell Identity and Function.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Germinal-centre and extrafollicular B cell pathways in systemic lupus erythematosus.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Serial intravital microscopy reveals temporal dynamics of autoreactive germinal centers in the spleen.iScience · 2026Article
- Capsaicin attenuates high-fat diet-induced impairment of B-cell immunity.SAGE open medicine · 2026Article
- Coordinated Regulation of Extrafollicular B Cell Responses by IL-12 and IFNγ.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Citrullinated peptides as drug candidates for rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Evidence that autoantibody production may be driven by acute Epstein-Barr virus infection in Sjögren's disease.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2024Article
- Cutting Edge: Low-dose Recombinant IL-2 Treatment Prevents Autoantibody Responses in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus via Regulatory T Cell-independent Depletion of T Follicular Helper Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Glucose Requirement of Antigen-Specific Autoreactive B Cells and CD4+ T Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- T cell help in the autoreactive germinal center.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2022Review
- B Cell Activation and Escape of Tolerance Checkpoints: Recent Insights from Studying Autoreactive B Cells.Cells · 2021Review
- Revisiting B cell tolerance and autoantibodies in seropositive and seronegative autoimmune rheumatic disease (AIRD).Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Review
- B Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis：Pathogenic Mechanisms and Treatment Prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Identification of a unique anti-Ro60 subset with restricted serological and molecular profiles.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Article
- The Th17/IL-17 Axis and Kidney Diseases, With Focus on Lupus Nephritis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Characteristics of Immunoglobulin M Type Antibodies of Different Origins from the Immunologic and Clinical Viewpoints and Their Application in Controlling Antibody-Mediated Allograft Rejection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Germinal Center and Extrafollicular B Cell Responses in Vaccination, Immunity, and Autoimmunity.Immunity · 2020Review
- TLR7 in B cells promotes renal inflammation and Gd-IgA1 synthesis in IgA nephropathy.JCI insight · 2020Article
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
On the lupus-prone MRL-lpr/lpr (MRL-lpr) background, AM14 rheumatoid factor (RF) B cells are activated, differentiate into plasmablasts, and undergo somatic hypermutation outside of follicles. Using multiple strategies to impair T cells, we found that such AM14 B cell activation did not require T cells but could be modulated by them. In vitro, the signaling adaptor MyD88 is required for IgG anti-chromatin to stimulate AM14 B cell proliferation when T cells are absent. However, the roles of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in AM14 B cell activation in vivo have not been investigated. We found that activation, expansion, and differentiation of AM14 B cells depended on MyD88; however, mice lacking either TLR7 or TLR9 displayed partial defects, indicating complex roles for these receptors. T cell-independent activation of certain autoreactive B cells, which gain stimuli via endogenous TLR ligands instead of T cells, may be the initial step in the generation of canonical autoantibodies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.