ReviewEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2009
Intestinal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: how does its frequency compare with that of nasal carriage and what is its clinical impact?
Review in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
127 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- MRSA carriage among healthcare workers in non-outbreak settings in Europe and the United States: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2014Pooled it
- Dutch guideline on the laboratory detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2014Guideline
- Probiotic for pathogen-specific Staphylococcus aureus decolonisation in Thailand: a phase 2, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.The Lancet. Microbe · 2023Trial
- Intervention to reduce transmission of resistant bacteria in intensive care.The New England journal of medicine · 2011Trial
- Carriage rate of CPE, ESBL-producing coliforms and MRSA in community settings in Suriname.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Review
- Stool microbial composition is associated with recent and future diarrhea and fever events in breastfed Danish infants.mSystems · 2026Observational
- The cellular esterase FrmB controls metabolic homeostasis and small colony variant formation inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pathogens as commensals: microbial priming of the immune system and heterologous protection.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Review
- HIV-1 interactions with sialic acid-binding bacterial lectins promote virus infectivityFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Large-scale characterisation of the nasal microbiome redefines Staphylococcus aureus colonisation status.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Intracellular survival ofVirulence · 2025Review
- Leveraging strain competition to address antimicrobial resistance with microbiota therapies.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Murine model of antibiotic-associated Staphylococcus aureus gastrointestinal infections (SAGII) and colonization.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- Spaceflight and Medical Microbiology: Possible Implications for Standard Infection Diagnostics and Therapy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A molecular comparative study of intestinal colonization withMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- High-throughput targeted amplicon screening tool for characterizing intrahost diversity inMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Sex-dependent gastrointestinal colonization resistance to MRSA is microbiota and Th17 dependent.eLife · 2025Article
- Study on molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus from yak milk-Xizang.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- The Acari Hypothesis, VII: accounting for the comorbidity of allergy with other contemporary medical conditions, especially metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Article
67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus, including its methicillin-resistant variant (MRSA), finds its primary ecological niche in the human nose, but is also able to colonize the intestines and the perineal region. Intestinal carriage has not been widely investigated despite its potential clinical impact. This review summarizes literature on the topic and sketches the current state of affairs from a microbiological and infectious diseases' perspective. Major findings are that the average reported detection rate of intestinal carriage in healthy individuals and patients is 20% for S. aureus and 9% for MRSA, which is approximately half of that for nasal carriage. Nasal carriage seems to predispose to intestinal carriage, but sole intestinal carriage occurs relatively frequently and is observed in 1 out of 3 intestinal carriers, which provides a rationale to include intestinal screening for surveillance or in outbreak settings. Colonization of the intestinal tract with S. aureus at a young age occurs at a high frequency and may affect the host's immune system. The frequency of intestinal carriage is generally underestimated and may significantly contribute to bacterial dissemination and subsequent risk of infections. Whether intestinal rather than nasal S. aureus carriage is a primary predictor for infections is still ill-defined.
Indexed as
Identifiers
18688664What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.