ArticleMolecular systems biology2008
Metabolic profiling of the human response to a glucose challenge reveals distinct axes of insulin sensitivity.
Article in Molecular systems biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 198 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
198 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 393 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic Predisposition to an Impaired Metabolism of the Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Mendelian Randomisation Analysis.PLoS medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Glucose prediction by analysis of exhaled metabolites - a systematic review.BMC anesthesiology · 2014Pooled it
- Plasma metabolomic response to high-carbohydrate meals of differing glycaemic load in overweight women.European journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Glycolysis/gluconeogenesis- and tricarboxylic acid cycle-related metabolites, Mediterranean diet, and type 2 diabetes.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Trial
- Metabolic consequences of perioperative oral carbohydrates in breast cancer patients - an explorative study.BMC cancer · 2019Trial
- Regulation of Amino Acid Transporters and Sensors in Response to a High protein Diet: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Elderly Men.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2019Trial
- Effects of Meal Timing on Postprandial Glucose Metabolism and Blood Metabolites in Healthy Adults.Nutrients · 2018Trial
- Difference in postprandial GLP-1 response despite similar glucose kinetics after consumption of wheat breads with different particle size in healthy men.European journal of nutrition · 2017Trial
- Effect of insulin sensitizer therapy on amino acids and their metabolites.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2015Trial
- Effects of sodium benzoate, a widely used food preservative, on glucose homeostasis and metabolic profiles in humans.Molecular genetics and metabolism · 2015Trial
- Postprandial metabolite profiles reveal differential nutrient handling after bariatric surgery compared with matched caloric restriction.Annals of surgery · 2014Trial
- Fasting serum taurine-conjugated bile acids are elevated in type 2 diabetes and do not change with intensification of insulin.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2014Trial
- Improved metabolic health alters host metabolism in parallel with changes in systemic xeno-metabolites of gut origin.PloS one · 2014Trial
- Branched-chain amino acid levels are associated with improvement in insulin resistance with weight loss.Diabetologia · 2012Trial
- Effects of chemosignals from sad tears and postprandial plasma on appetite and food intake in humans.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Plasma Amino Acid Responses to an Oral Glucose Challenge Relate More Strongly to Body Adiposity Than to Insulin Resistance.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Differential metabolomic prediction of outcomes in HFpEF and HFrEF: a prospective international multi-ethnic cohort study.Cardiovascular research · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiota-Metabolic Axis: Emerging Insights from Human and Experimental Studies on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
138 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glucose ingestion after an overnight fast triggers an insulin-dependent, homeostatic program that is altered in diabetes. The full spectrum of biochemical changes associated with this transition is currently unknown. We have developed a mass spectrometry-based strategy to simultaneously measure 191 metabolites following glucose ingestion. In two groups of healthy individuals (n=22 and 25), 18 plasma metabolites changed reproducibly, including bile acids, urea cycle intermediates, and purine degradation products, none of which were previously linked to glucose homeostasis. The metabolite dynamics also revealed insulin's known actions along four key axes--proteolysis, lipolysis, ketogenesis, and glycolysis--reflecting a switch from catabolism to anabolism. In pre-diabetics (n=25), we observed a blunted response in all four axes that correlated with insulin resistance. Multivariate analysis revealed that declines in glycerol and leucine/isoleucine (markers of lipolysis and proteolysis, respectively) jointly provide the strongest predictor of insulin sensitivity. This observation indicates that some humans are selectively resistant to insulin's suppression of proteolysis, whereas others, to insulin's suppression of lipolysis. Our findings lay the groundwork for using metabolic profiling to define an individual's 'insulin response profile', which could have value in predicting diabetes, its complications, and in guiding therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.