ArticleJournal of virology2008
Herpes simplex virus downregulates secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor: a novel immune evasion mechanism.
Article in Journal of virology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Double trouble: how co- and superinfections shape viral dynamics and host responses.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Beyond the Barrier: Epithelial Cells as Immune Sentinels in the Female Genital Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Article
- Immune horses rapidly increase antileukoproteinase and lack type I interferon secretion during mucosal innate immune responses against equine herpesvirus type 1.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Co-Infections and Superinfections between HIV-1 and Other Human Viruses at the Cellular Level.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Cervical and systemic innate immunity predictors of HIV risk linked to genital herpes acquisition and time from HSV-2 seroconversion.Sexually transmitted infections · 2023Article
- Phospholipid scramblase-1 regulates innate type 2 inflammation in mouse lungs via CRTH2-dependent mechanisms.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Salivary immunity of elite collegiate American football players infected with SARS-CoV-2 normalizes following isolation.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Oral secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI): Associations with oropharyngeal cancer and treatment outcome.PloS one · 2021Article
- Impact of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Dual Infection on Female Genital Tract Mucosal Immunity and the Vaginal Microbiome.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Innate Immune Evasion of Alphaherpesvirus Tegument Proteins.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Molecular characterization of duck enteritis virus UL41 protein.Virology journal · 2018Article
- Clearance of a persistent picornavirus infection is associated with enhanced pro-apoptotic and cellular immune responses.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Article
- Distribution and factors associated with salivary secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor concentrations.Oral diseases · 2016Article
- The Interplay of Host Immunity, Environment and the Risk of Bacterial Vaginosis and Associated Reproductive Health Outcomes.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Review
- HSV-2 ΔgD elicits FcγR-effector antibodies that protect against clinical isolates.JCI insight · 2016Article
- Herpes simplex virus downregulation of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor enhances human papillomavirus type 16 infection.The Journal of general virology · 2016Article
- Evasion of early antiviral responses by herpes simplex viruses.Mediators of inflammation · 2015Review
- Herpes simplex virus type-2 stimulates HIV-1 replication in cervical tissues: implications for HIV-1 transmission and efficacy of anti-HIV-1 microbicides.Mucosal immunology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), an anti-inflammatory mediator of mucosal immunity, inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in cell culture. Epidemiological studies demonstrate that higher concentrations of SLPI in mucosal secretions are associated with a reduced risk of HIV transmission. The current studies were designed to test the hypothesis that HSV triggers a loss of SLPI to evade innate immunity and that this response may contribute to the increased risk of HIV infection in the setting of HSV infection. Exposure of human cervical epithelial cells to HSV-1 or HSV-2, but not HIV or vesicular stomatitis virus, triggered a significant and sustained reduction in SLPI levels. The reduction persisted when cells were infected in the presence of acyclovir but not following infection with UV-inactivated virus, indicating that viral gene expression, but not replication, is required. Reverse transcriptase PCR studies demonstrated that the loss of SLPI is mediated by downregulation of gene expression. SLPI downregulation was associated with activation of NF-kappaB signaling pathways and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, consistent with the known inhibitor effects of SLPI on NF-kappaB pathways. The downregulation mapped to viral early-gene expression, as variants impaired in expression of the ICP4 or ICP0 immediate-early gene failed to downregulate SLPI or activate NF-kappaB. Together, these results identify a novel role for HSV immediate-early-gene expression in regulating mucosal immune responses.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.