ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2008
Characterization of Clostridium difficile strains isolated from patients in Ontario, Canada, from 2004 to 2006.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection: An official clinical practice guideline of the Spanish Society of Chemotherapy (SEQ), Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI) and the working group of Postoperative Infection of the Spanish Society of Anesthesia and Reanimation (SEDAR).Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2020Guideline
- The incidence and drug resistance of Clostridium difficile infection in Mainland China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Prevalence ofCanadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire · 2026Article
- Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GMNL-661 Ameliorates Clostridioides difficile Infection and Reconfigures Intestinal Microbiota in a Murine Model.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Clostridioides difficile Infection in Children: Recent Updates on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Therapy.Pediatrics · 2023Review
- Genome wide CRISPR screen for Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) binding proteins reveals LDL Receptor Related Protein 1 (LRP1) as crucial cellular receptor.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Reduced Susceptibility to Metronidazole Is Associated With Initial Clinical Failure inOpen forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Frequency of toxin genes and antibiotic resistance pattern ofGastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2021Article
- The emergence of Clostridium difficile ribotypes 027 and 176 with a predominance of the Clostridium difficile ribotype 001 recognized in Slovakia following the European standardized Clostridium difficile infection surveillance of 2016.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2020Article
- Clostridium difficile isolated from faecal samples in patients with ulcerative colitis.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Review
- A Small Molecule-Screening Pipeline to Evaluate the Therapeutic Potential of 2-Aminoimidazole Molecules AgainstFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Predominance and high antibiotic resistance of the emerging Clostridium difficile genotypes NAPCR1 and NAP9 in a Costa Rican hospital over a 2-year period without outbreaks.Emerging microbes & infections · 2016Article
- Article
- Characterization of Clostridium difficile Strains in British Columbia, Canada: A Shift from NAP1 Majority (2008) to Novel Strain Types (2013) in One Region.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2016Article
- Factors Associated With Complications of Clostridium difficile Infection in a Multicenter Prospective Cohort.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Article
- Multiplex Real-Time PCR Method for Simultaneous Identification and Toxigenic Type Characterization of Clostridium difficile From Stool Samples.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2015Article
- Occurrence of Clostridium difficile in seasoned hamburgers and seven processing plants in Iran.BMC microbiology · 2014Article
- Clostridium difficile in retail baskets, trolleys, conveyor belts, and plastic bags in Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2014Article
- Tailored cyclodextrin pore blocker protects mammalian cells from clostridium difficile binary toxin CDT.Toxins · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is the bacterium most commonly surmised to cause antimicrobial- and hospital-associated diarrhea in developed countries worldwide, and such infections are thought to be increasing in frequency and severity. A laboratory-based study was carried out to characterize C. difficile strains isolated from persons in Ontario, Canada, during 2004 to 2006 according to toxin type (enterotoxin A, cytotoxin B, and binary toxin [CDT]), tcdC gene characterization, ribotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and toxinotyping. Clostridium difficile was isolated from 1,080/1,152 (94%) samples from 21 diagnostic laboratories. Isolates with toxin profiles A(+) B(+) CDT(-), A(+) B(+) CDT(+), A(-) B(+) CDT(-), and A(-) B(+) CDT(+) accounted for 63%, 34%, 2.4%, and 0.6% of isolates, respectively. Alterations in tcdC were detected in six different ribotypes, including ribotype 027. A total of 39 different ribotypes were identified, with ribotype 027/North American pulsotype 1 (NAP1), an internationally recognized outbreak strain associated with severe disease, being the second most common ribotype (19% of isolates). Transient resistance to metronidazole was identified in 19 (1.8%) isolates. While a large number of ribotypes were found, a few predominated across the province. The high prevalence and wide distribution of ribotype 027/NAP1 are disconcerting in view of the severity of disease associated with it.
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