Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18647832›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008

A gamma-secretase inhibitor and quinacrine reduce prions and prevent dendritic degeneration in murine brains.

Patricia Spilman, Pierre Lessard, Mamta Sattavat, Clarissa Bush, Thomas Tousseyn, Eric J Huang, Kurt Giles, Todd Golde, Pritam Das, Abdul Fauq and 2 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Developing Therapeutics for PrP Prion Diseases.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2017
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Quinacrine promotes replication and conformational mutation of chronic wasting disease prions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Therapies for human prion diseases.American journal of neurodegenerative disease · 2013
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Patricia SpilmanDepartments of Pathology and Neurology and Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Pierre Lessard
Mamta Sattavat
Clarissa Bush
Thomas Tousseyn
Eric J Huang
Kurt Giles
Todd Golde
Pritam Das
Abdul Fauq
Stanley B Prusiner
Stephen J Dearmond
University of California, San Francisco · USJacksonville College · USInstitute for Neurodegenerative Disorders · USKU Leuven · BEMayo Clinic in Florida · USNeurology, Inc · US

Funding

VIRAL DEGENERATIVE DEMENTING DISEASE IN AGING (SUPP)P01AG002132 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SALI, ANDREJ · 1985 to 2024
$51.7M
UNDERSTANDING AND IMPROVING SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS OF PRION REPLICATIONP01AG021601 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI PRUSINER, STANLEY B · 2003 to 2013
$31.9M
SYNTHETIC AND RECOMBINANT PRP PEPTIDES AND PROTEINSP01AG010770 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI PRUSINER, STANLEY B · 1993 to 2015
$30.3M
Targeting Multiple Diseases Through Gamma SecretaseP01AG025531 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST · PI OSBORNE, BARBARA A · 2006 to 2011
$5.0M
NIA NIH HHS AG02132NIA NIH HHS AG10770NIA NIH HHS AG25531NIA NIH HHS P01 AG002132NIA NIH HHS P01 AG010770NIA NIH HHS P01 AG021601NIA NIH HHS P01 AG025531
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In prion-infected mice, both the Notch-1 intracellular domain transcription factor (NICD) and the disease-causing prion protein (PrP(Sc)) increase in the brain preceding dendritic atrophy and loss. Because the drug LY411575 inhibits the gamma-secretase-catalyzed cleavage of Notch-1 that produces NICD, we asked whether this gamma-secretase inhibitor (GSI) might prevent dendritic degeneration in mice with scrapie. At 50 d postinoculation with Rocky Mountain Laboratory (RML) prions, mice were given GSI orally for 43-60 d. Because we did not expect GSI to produce a reduction of PrP(Sc) levels in brain, we added quinacrine (Qa) to the treatment regimen. Qa inhibits PrP(Sc) formation in cultured cells. The combination of GSI and Qa reduced PrP(Sc) by approximately 95% in the neocortex and hippocampus but only approximately 50% in the thalamus at the site of prion inoculation. The GSI plus Qa combination prevented dendritic atrophy and loss, but GSI alone did not. Even though GSI reduced NICD levels to a greater extent than GSI plus Qa, it was unable to prevent dendritic degeneration. Whether a balance between NICD and dendrite growth-stimulating factors was achieved with GSI plus Qa but not GSI alone remains to be determined. Although the combination of GSI and Qa diminished PrP(Sc) in the brains of RML-infected mice, GSI toxicity prevented us from being able to assess the effect the GSI plus Qa combination on incubation times. Whether less toxic GSIs can be used in place of LY411575 to prolong survival remains to be determined.

Indexed as

Administration, OralAlanineAmyloid Precursor Protein SecretasesAnimalsAzepinesBrainDendritesDisease Models, AnimalEnzyme InhibitorsMaleMiceNeurodegenerative DiseasesPrion DiseasesPrionsQuinacrineTime FactorsAlanineAmyloid Precursor Protein SecretasesAzepinesEnzyme InhibitorsN2-((2S)-2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethanoyl)-N1-((7S)-5-methyl-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenzo(b,d)azepin-7-yl)-L-alaninamidePrionsQuinacrine

Identifiers

PMID18647832
PMCPMC2492499
OpenAlexW2136873673

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.