ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2008
Drak2 contributes to West Nile virus entry into the brain and lethal encephalitis.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polyamines as Gatekeepers of Virus Replication and Central Nervous System Homeostasis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- DRAK2 regulates myosin light chain phosphorylation in T cells.Journal of cell science · 2024Article
- Metabolic response to CNS infection with flaviviruses.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Review
- A Journey to the Central Nervous System: Routes of Flaviviral Neuroinvasion in Human Disease.Viruses · 2022Review
- Engineering the Single Domain Antibodies Targeting Receptor Binding Motifs Within the Domain III of West Nile Virus Envelope Glycoprotein.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Role of Dendritic Cells in Viral Brain Infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Pathogenicity and virulence of West Nile virus revisited eight decades after its first isolation.Virulence · 2021Article
- Development of peptides targeting receptor binding site of the envelope glycoprotein to contain the West Nile virus infection.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Review
- Variations in West Nile Virus neuroinvasive infection: A case series of three patients in West Phoenix.IDCases · 2021Article
- Article
- Current Understanding of West Nile Virus Clinical Manifestations, Immune Responses, Neuroinvasion, and Immunotherapeutic Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Pathways Exploited by Flaviviruses to Counteract the Blood-Brain Barrier and Invade the Central Nervous System.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Review
- Osteopontin facilitates West Nile virus neuroinvasion via neutrophil "Trojan horse" transport.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- MAVS Is Essential for Primary CD4Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Immune Regulation of Antibody Access to Neuronal Tissues.Trends in molecular medicine · 2017Review
- Age-related alterations in immune responses to West Nile virus infection.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2017Review
- The Olfactory Bulb: An Immunosensory Effector Organ during Neurotropic Viral Infections.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2016Review
- Dysregulation of Toll-Like Receptor 7 Compromises Innate and Adaptive T Cell Responses and Host Resistance to an Attenuated West Nile Virus Infection in Old Mice.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- West Nile Virus Infection in the Central Nervous System.F1000Research · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Death-associated protein kinase-related apoptosis-inducing kinase-2 (Drak2), a member of the death-associated protein family of serine/threonine kinases, is specifically expressed in T and B cells. In the absence of Drak2, mice are resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis due to a decrease in the number of cells infiltrating the CNS. In the present study, we investigated the role of Drak2 in West Nile virus (WNV)-induced encephalitis and found that Drak2(-/-) mice were also more resistant to lethal WNV infection than wild-type mice. Although Drak2(-/-) mice had an increase in the number of IFN-gamma-producing T cells in the spleen after infection, viral levels in the peripheral tissues were not significantly different between these two groups of mice. In contrast, there was a reduced viral load in the brains of Drak2(-/-) mice, which was accompanied by a decrease in the number of Drak2(-/-) CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the brain following WNV infection. Moreover, we detected viral Ags in T cells isolated from the spleen or brain of WNV-infected mice. These results suggest that following a systemic infection, WNV might cross the blood brain barrier and enter the CNS by being carried by infected infiltrating T cells.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.