ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2008
IL-10 helps control pathogen load during high-level bacteremia.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- A rabbit model of acute bacteremia and sepsis caused by vancomycin-resistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Pathogenesis of Relapsing Fever.Current issues in molecular biology · 2021Review
- A niosome formulation modulates the Th1/Th2 bias immune response in mice and also provides protection against anthrax spore challenge.International journal of nanomedicine · 2018Article
- Pathogen and Host Response Dynamics in a Mouse Model of Borrelia hermsii Relapsing Fever.Veterinary sciences · 2016Article
- The immunomodulatory activity of Staphylococcus aureus products derived from biofilm and planktonic cultures.Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis · 2013Article
- Modulation of immune response by interleukin-10 in systemic Corynebacterium kutscheri infection in mice.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2012Article
- Interaction of variable bacterial outer membrane lipoproteins with brain endothelium.PloS one · 2010Article
- Bacterial lipoproteins can disseminate from the periphery to inflame the brain.The American journal of pathology · 2010Article
- Structure-function investigation of vsp serotypes of the spirochete Borrelia hermsii.PloS one · 2009Article
- A novel animal model of Borrelia recurrentis louse-borne relapsing fever borreliosis using immunodeficient mice.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2009Article
- Roles for phagocytic cells and complement in controlling relapsing fever infection.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2009Article
- Understanding tropism and immunopathological mechanisms of relapsing fever spirochaetes.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2009Review
- Relapsing fever borreliosis in interleukin-10-deficient mice.Infection and immunity · 2008Article
- Interleukin 10 protects the brain microcirculation from spirochetal injury.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
During relapsing fever borreliosis, a high pathogen load in the blood occurs at times of peak bacteremia. Specific IgM Abs are responsible for spirochetal clearance so in absence of B cells there is persistent high-level bacteremia. Previously, we showed that B cell-deficient mice persistently infected with Borrelia turicatae produce high levels of IL-10 and that exogenous IL-10 reduces bacteremia. This suggested that IL-10 helps reduce bacteremia at times of high pathogen load by a B cell-independent mechanism, most likely involving innate immunity. To investigate this possibility, we compared B. turicatae infection in RAG2/IL-10(-/-) and RAG2(-/-) mice. The results showed that IL-10 deficiency resulted in significantly higher bacteremia, higher TNF levels, and early mortality. Examination of the spleen and peripheral blood showed markedly increased apoptosis of immune cells in infected RAG2/IL-10(-/-) mice. Neutralization of TNF reduced apoptosis of leukocytes and splenocytes, increased production of IFN-gamma by NK cells, increased phagocytosis in the spleen, decreased spirochetemia, and rescued mice from early death. Our results indicate that at times of high pathogen load, as during peak bacteremia in relapsing fever borreliosis, IL-10 protects innate immune cells from apoptosis via inhibition of TNF resulting in improved pathogen control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.