ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2008
The agonists of TLR4 and 9 are sufficient to activate memory B cells to differentiate into plasma cells in vitro but not in vivo.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- ELISpots for Detecting Antigen-Specific Memory B Cells in Infection or Autoimmunity.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- E6020, a TLR4 Agonist Adjuvant, Enhances Both Antibody Titers and Isotype Switching in Response to Immunization with Hapten-Protein Antigens and Is Diminished in Mice with TLR4 Signaling Insufficiency.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Review
- Development of Tbet- and CD11c-expressing B cells in a viral infection requires T follicular helper cells outside of germinal centers.Immunity · 2022Article
- Protocol forSTAR protocols · 2021Article
- S1PAmerican journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2020Article
- Osteoclastogenesis in periodontal diseases: Possible mediators and mechanisms.Journal of oral biosciences · 2020Review
- B cells engineered to express pathogen-specific antibodies protect against infection.Science immunology · 2019Article
- Plasma cells: You are what you eat.Immunological reviews · 2019Review
- CD73 expression identifies a subset of IgMImmunology · 2017Article
- Somatically Hypermutated Plasmodium-Specific IgM(+) Memory B Cells Are Rapid, Plastic, Early Responders upon Malaria Rechallenge.Immunity · 2016Article
- CD23 can negatively regulate B-cell receptor signaling.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Adjuvant-specific regulation of long-term antibody responses by ZBTB20.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2014Article
- Simultaneous assessment of rotavirus-specific memory B cells and serological memory after B cell depletion therapy with rituximab.PloS one · 2014Article
- Maintenance of anti-Sm/RNP autoantibody production by plasma cells residing in ectopic lymphoid tissue and bone marrow memory B cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2013Article
- TLR2, TLR4 and the MyD88 signaling are crucial for the in vivo generation and the longevity of long-lived antibody-secreting cells.PloS one · 2013Article
- Impact of infection or vaccination on pre-existing serological memory.Human immunology · 2012Article
- Differential impact of Toll-like receptor signaling on distinct B cell subpopulations.Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) · 2012Review
- Trace levels of innate immune response modulating impurities (IIRMIs) synergize to break tolerance to therapeutic proteins.PloS one · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Memory B cells can persist for a lifetime and be reactivated to yield high affinity, isotype switched plasma cells. The generation of memory B cells by Ag immunization requires adjuvants that generally contain TLR agonists. However, requirements for memory B cell activation and the role of TLRs in this activation are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed the response of memory B cells from immunized mice to TLR9 and 4 agonists CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) and LPS. Mouse memory B cells express both TLR9 and 4, and respond to both CpG ODN and LPS in vitro by differentiating into high affinity IgG secreting plasma cells. In contrast, neither CpG ODN nor LPS alone is sufficient to activate memory B cells in vivo. Ag is required for the clonal expansion of Ag-specific memory B cells, the differentiation of memory B cells to high affinity IgG secreting plasma cells, and the recall of high affinity Ab responses. The Ag-specific B cells that have not yet undergone isotype switching showed a relatively higher expression of TLR4 than memory B cells, which was reflected in a heightened response to LPS, but in both cases yielded mostly low affinity IgM secreting plasma cells. Thus, although memory B cells are sensitive to TLR agonists in vitro, TLR agonists alone appear to have little affect on B cell memory in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.