ArticleVector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)2008
Relapsing fever spirochetes retain infectivity after prolonged in vitro cultivation.
Article in Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complement inhibition by a unique cluster of immunomodulatory outer surface proteins of Borrelia recurrentis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Genomic and structural analysis of major antigenic proteins' variability in the human relapsing fever spirocheteCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- Complete genome sequence ofMicrobiology resource announcements · 2024Article
- Comparative genomics of the Western Hemisphere soft tick-borne relapsing fever borreliae highlights extensive plasmid diversity.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- Pathogenesis of Relapsing Fever.Current issues in molecular biology · 2021Review
- Genetic Manipulation ofCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2021Review
- Borrelia miyamotoi strain LB-2001 retains plasmids and infectious phenotype throughout continuous culture passages as evaluated by multiplex PCR.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2021Article
- The impact of in vitro cultivation on the natural life cycle of the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae.PloS one · 2020Article
- First insights in the variability of Borrelia recurrentis genomes.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
- Segregation Lag in Polyploid Cells of the Pathogen GenusThe Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2017Article
- Imaging of Borrelia turicatae Producing the Green Fluorescent Protein Reveals Persistent Colonization of the Ornithodoros turicata Midgut and Salivary Glands from Nymphal Acquisition through Transmission.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
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- Tickborne relapsing fever, Bitterroot Valley, Montana, USA.Emerging infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Fibronectin-binding protein of Borrelia hermsii expressed in the blood of mice with relapsing fever.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- Inactivation of genes for antigenic variation in the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia hermsii reduces infectivity in mice and transmission by ticks.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- First isolation of the relapsing fever spirochete, Borrelia hermsii, from a domestic dog.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2014Article
- Borrelia hermsii acquisition order in superinfected ticks determines transmission efficiency.Infection and immunity · 2013Article
- Large linear plasmids of Borrelia species that cause relapsing fever.Journal of bacteriology · 2013Article
- Development of genetic system to inactivate a Borrelia turicatae surface protein selectively produced within the salivary glands of the arthropod vector.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Borrelia hermsii and Borrelia burgdorferi, two closely related spirochetes, are the etiological agents of tick-borne relapsing fever and Lyme disease, respectively. Previous studies have shown the loss of infectivity of B. burgdorferi is associated with in vitro cultivation. This diminished infectivity of B. burgdorferi has occurred as early as three in vitro passages, and the loss of plasmids have been observed with these less virulent to noninfective cultures. The effects of long-term in vitro cultivation on B. hermsii have not been investigated. However, understanding the degree of genomic degradation during in vitro cultivation is important for investigating pathogenic mechanisms of spirochetes. In this study, we analyzed the effects of continuous in vitro cultivation on the genomic composition and infectivity of B. hermsii and B. turicatae.We report that all seven isolates of B. hermsii and the one isolate of B. turicatae examined retained infectivity in mice after 1 year of continuous in vitro cultivation. Furthermore, there were few apparent differences in the plasmid profiles after long-term cultivation. Two isolates of B. hermsii remained infective after high passage despite losing a portion of the 200-kb linear plasmid containing the fhbA gene encoding the factor H binding protein. Also, sequence analysis of multiple B. hermsii isolates demonstrated two types of fhbA with complete congruence with the two genomic groups of B. hermsii spirochetes. Therefore, these results suggest that relapsing fever spirochetes are genetically stable during in vitro cultivation, and the fhbA-containing segment of DNA that is lost during cultivation is not required for infection.
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