ArticleRetrovirology2008
Oral keratinocytes support non-replicative infection and transfer of harbored HIV-1 to permissive cells.
Article in Retrovirology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Disease of Oropharyngeal Mucosal Epithelium.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- The initial interplay between HIV and mucosal innate immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Antimicrobial peptides: Defending the mucosal epithelial barrier.Frontiers in oral health · 2022Review
- Streptococcus gordonii Type I Lipoteichoic Acid Contributes to Surface Protein Biogenesis.mSphere · 2019Article
- Intracellular calprotectin (S100A8/A9) controls epithelial differentiation and caspase-mediated cleavage of EGFR in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Oral oncology · 2019Article
- Mucosa: Key Interactions Determining Sexual Transmission of the HIV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles in oral mucosal transmission of HIV.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Are T cells the only HIV-1 reservoir?Retrovirology · 2016Review
- Autonomous immunity in mucosal epithelial cells: fortifying the barrier against infection.Microbes and infection · 2016Review
- Antiviral factors and type I/III interferon expression associated with regulatory factors in the oral epithelial cells from HIV-1-serodiscordant couples.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Porphyromonas gingivalis-mediated Epithelial Cell Entry of HIV-1.Journal of dental research · 2014Article
- HIV-1 impairs human retinal pigment epithelial barrier function: possible association with the pathogenesis of HIV-associated retinopathy.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2014Article
- Transcytosis of HIV-1 through vaginal epithelial cells is dependent on trafficking to the endocytic recycling pathway.PloS one · 2014Article
- Article
- Efficiency of cell-free and cell-associated virus in mucosal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Short communication: HIV type 1 escapes inactivation by saliva via rapid escape into oral epithelial cells.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2012Article
- Proteomic and bioinformatic profile of primary human oral epithelial cells.Journal of proteome research · 2012Article
- Mucosal co-infections and HIV-1 transmission and pathogenesis.Current HIV research · 2012Article
- Plausibility of HIV-1 Infection of Oral Mucosal Epithelial Cells.Advances in dental research · 2011Review
- Innate immunity including epithelial and nonspecific host factors: workshop 1B.Advances in dental research · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOral keratinocytes on the mucosal surface are frequently exposed to HIV-1 through contact with infected sexual partners or nursing mothers. To determine the plausibility that oral keratinocytes are primary targets of HIV-1, we tested the hypothesis that HIV-1 infects oral keratinocytes in a restricted manner.
resultsTo study the fate of HIV-1, immortalized oral keratinocytes (OKF6/TERT-2; TERT-2 cells) were characterized for the fate of HIV-specific RNA and DNA. At 6 h post inoculation with X4 or R5-tropic HIV-1, HIV-1gag RNA was detected maximally within TERT-2 cells. Reverse transcriptase activity in TERT-2 cells was confirmed by VSV-G-mediated infection with HIV-NL4-3Deltaenv-EGFP. AZT inhibited EGFP expression in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that viral replication can be supported if receptors are bypassed. Within 3 h post inoculation, integrated HIV-1 DNA was detected in TERT-2 cell nuclei and persisted after subculture. Multiply spliced and unspliced HIV-1 mRNAs were not detectable up to 72 h post inoculation, suggesting that HIV replication may abort and that infection is non-productive. Within 48 h post inoculation, however, virus harbored by CD4 negative TERT-2 cells trans infected co-cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or MOLT4 cells (CD4+ CCR5+) by direct cell-to-cell transfer or by releasing low levels of infectious virions. Primary tonsil epithelial cells also trans infected HIV-1 to permissive cells in a donor-specific manner.
conclusionOral keratinocytes appear, therefore, to support stable non-replicative integration, while harboring and transmitting infectious X4- or R5-tropic HIV-1 to permissive cells for up to 48 h.
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