ReviewBiological chemistry2008
Functions of KLK4 and MMP-20 in dental enamel formation.
Review in Biological chemistry, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 250 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Antibiotics and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Enamel Development: A Systematic Review with Quantitative Synthesis.International dental journal · 2026Pooled it
- [Polymorphisms associated with dental caries in pediatric populations: a systematic review].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2023Pooled it
- Genes in the pathway of tooth mineral tissues and dental caries risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2020Pooled it
- Integrative multi-omics and bioinformatic analysis ofThe Japanese dental science review · 2026Review
- Pan-disease blood protein profiles of rheumatic autoimmune diseases.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Human Enamel Formation: A Scoping Review for Oral Health Professionals.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Morphological, Histochemical, and Proteomic Analysis of the Effects of Fluoride and Amoxicillin, with Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation, on Dental Enamel Formation.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Serine-16 Phosphorylation, C-Terminal Truncation, and Ion-Specific Interactions Coordinate Amelogenin Nanoribbon Formation.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Amelogenin proteolysis orchestrates functional amyloid pathways in enamel development.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2026Article
- NovelJournal of dental sciences · 2026Article
- Aspartic acid-facilitated remineralization: a bio-inspired alternative to fluoride for enamel repair.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Drug Discovery Strategies for Kallikrein-Related Peptidases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Antimicrobial peptides derived from human ameloblastin targeting biofilms.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Article
- Posteruptive Loss of Proteins in Porcine Enamel.Journal of dental research · 2025Article
- Expression ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The role of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway in the process of amelogenesis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- The role of enamel matrix derivatives in periodontal regeneration following tooth replantation/transplantation: a narrative review of post-reperfusion injury.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Matrix metalloproteinases in kidney homeostasis and diseases: an update.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2024Review
- The intricacies of tooth enamel: Embryonic origin, development and human genetics.Journal of structural biology · 2024Review
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Two proteases are secreted into the enamel matrix of developing teeth. The early protease is enamelysin (MMP-20). The late protease is kallikrein 4 (KLK4). Mutations in MMP20 and KLK4 both cause autosomal recessive amelogenesis imperfecta, a condition featuring soft, porous enamel containing residual protein. MMP-20 is secreted along with enamel proteins by secretory-stage ameloblasts. Enamel protein-cleavage products accumulate in the space between the crystal ribbons, helping to support them. MMP-20 steadily cleaves accumulated enamel proteins, so their concentration decreases with depth. KLK4 is secreted by transition- and maturation-stage ameloblasts. KLK4 aggressively degrades the retained organic matrix following the termination of enamel protein secretion. The principle functions of MMP-20 and KLK4 in dental enamel formation are to facilitate the orderly replacement of organic matrix with mineral, generating an enamel layer that is harder, less porous, and unstained by retained enamel proteins.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.