ArticleInsect biochemistry and molecular biology2008
A positive feedback mechanism in the Manduca sexta prophenoloxidase activation system.
Article in Insect biochemistry and molecular biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hemolymph protease-17b activates proHP6 to stimulate melanization and Toll signaling in Manduca sexta.Insect biochemistry and molecular biology · 2024Article
- Functional characterization of two clip domain serine proteases in innate immune responses of Aedes aegypti.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- The CLIP-domain serine protease CLIPC9 regulates melanization downstream of SPCLIP1, CLIPA8, and CLIPA28 in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Hemolymph protease-5 links the melanization and Toll immune pathways in the tobacco hornworm,Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Inhibition of immune pathway-initiating hemolymph protease-14 by Manduca sexta serpin-12, a conserved mechanism for the regulation of melanization and Toll activation in insects.Insect biochemistry and molecular biology · 2020Article
- The mosquito melanization response requires hierarchical activation of non-catalytic clip domain serine protease homologs.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Building a platform for predicting functions of serine protease-related proteins in Drosophila melanogaster and other insects.Insect biochemistry and molecular biology · 2018Article
- Prophenoloxidase activation and antimicrobial peptide expression induced by the recombinant microbe binding protein of Manduca sexta.Insect biochemistry and molecular biology · 2017Article
- Multifaceted biological insights from a draft genome sequence of the tobacco hornworm moth, Manduca sexta.Insect biochemistry and molecular biology · 2016Article
- In search of a function of Manduca sexta hemolymph protease-1 in the innate immune system.Insect biochemistry and molecular biology · 2016Article
- Manduca sexta proprophenoloxidase activating proteinase-3 (PAP3) stimulates melanization by activating proPAP3, proSPHs, and proPOs.Insect biochemistry and molecular biology · 2014Article
- Structure-function analysis of grass clip serine protease involved in Drosophila Toll pathway activation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2011Article
- Immunity in lepidopteran insects.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2010Review
- Functions of Manduca sexta hemolymph proteinases HP6 and HP8 in two innate immune pathways.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2009Article
- Insight into the structural hierarchy of the protease cascade that regulates the mosquito melanization response.Microbes and infectionArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In Manduca sexta, pathogen recognition triggers a branched serine proteinase cascade which generates active phenoloxidase (PO) in the presence of a proPO-activating proteinase (PAP) and two noncatalytic serine proteinase homologs (SPHs). PO then catalyzes the production of reactive compounds for microbe killing, wound healing, and melanin formation. In this study, we discovered that a minute amount of PAP1 (a final component of the proteinase pathway) caused a remarkable increase in PO activity in plasma from naïve larvae, which was significantly higher than that from the same amounts of PAP1, proPO and SPHs incubated in vitro. The enhanced proPO activation concurred with the proteolytic activation of HP6, HP8, PAP1, SPH1, SPH2 and PO precursors. PAP1 cleaved proSPH2 to yield bands with mobility identical to SPH2 generated in vivo. PAP1 partially hydrolyzed proHP6 and proHP8 at a bond amino-terminal to the one cut in the PAP1-added plasma. PAP1 did not directly activate proPAP1. These results suggest that a self-reinforcing mechanism is built into the proPO activation system and other plasma proteins are required for cleaving proHP6 and proHP8 at the correct site to strengthen the defense response, perhaps in the early stage of the pathway activation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.