Trial reportThe Journal of pediatrics2008
Effects of influenza plus pneumococcal conjugate vaccination versus influenza vaccination alone in preventing respiratory tract infections in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Trial report in The Journal of pediatrics, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines on Viral Respiratory Infections: A Systematic Literature Review.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination on antibiotic use: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2023Pooled it
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of vaccination on the use of antimicrobial agents: a systematic literature review.Annals of medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012Pooled it
- Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Prevents Illness and Reduces Healthcare Utilization Across Diverse Geographic Regions During Five Influenza Seasons: A Randomized Clinical Trial.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2020Trial
- Safety and tolerability of a 2009 trivalent inactivated split-virion influenza vaccine in infants, children and adolescents.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2013Trial
- Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination Against Virus-Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Among Adults: A Case-Control Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Association Between Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers and Protection Against Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction-Confirmed Influenza Illness in Children 6-35 Months of Age: Statistical Evaluation of a Correlate of Protection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Safety, Immunogenicity, Efficacy and Effectiveness of Inactivated Influenza Vaccines in Healthy Pregnant Women and Children Under 5 Years: An Evidence-Based Clinical Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing otitis media.Paediatrics & child health · 2016Article
- Panel 6: Vaccines.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2013Review
- Viral interference induced by live attenuated virus vaccine (OPV) can prevent otitis media.Vaccine · 2011Article
- Acute otitis media in children.International journal of general medicine · 2011Article
- Impact of Community Pharmacy Vaccination Services on Respiratory Vaccine Coverage of Patients Taking Immunosuppressive Medications in Quebec, Canada.Journal of research in pharmacy practiceArticle
- New vaccines to prevent otitis media.Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the effects of influenza vaccination with or without heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in children. STUDY
designThis was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comprising 579 children age 18 to 72 months with a previous history of physician-diagnosed RTI, recruited between 2003 and 2005. The children were assigned to 2 doses of parenteral inactivated trivalent subunit influenza plus heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (TIV+PCV7), influenza plus placebo vaccination (TIV+plac), or control hepatitis B virus vaccination plus placebo (HBV+plac). Main outcome measures were febrile RTI and related polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed influenza, primary care visits, antibiotic prescriptions, and acute otitis media (AOM) episodes.
resultsDuring influenza seasons, febrile RTI were reduced by 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1% to 42%) in the TIV+PCV7 group and by 13% (95% CI = -12% to 32%) in the TIV+plac group compared with the control group. The occurrence of PCR-confirmed influenza was reduced by 52% (95% CI = 7% to 75%) in the TIV+PCV7 group and by 51% (95% CI = 3% to 75%) in the TIV+plac group. Episodes of AOM were reduced by 57% (95% CI = 6% to 80%) in the TIV+PCV7 group and by 71% (95% CI = 30% to 88%) in the TIV+plac group. Outside of the influenza seasons, no significant effects of vaccinations were demonstrated on the studied outcomes.
conclusionsDuring influenza seasons, influenza vaccination with or without pneumococcal conjugate vaccination substantially reduced cases of confirmed influenza and AOM episodes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.