ArticleJournal of virology2008
Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) as a nonhuman primate model to assess the virulence of eastern equine encephalitis virus strains.
Article in Journal of virology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- The life cycle of the alphaviruses: From an antiviral perspective.Antiviral research · 2023Pooled it
- The pathogenicity and virulence of Sindbis virus.Virulence · 2026Review
- Serologic and Molecular Evidence of Arboviruses in Nonhuman Primates in Northeast Brazil.EcoHealth · 2025Article
- Neuropathogenesis of Encephalitic Alphaviruses in Non-Human Primate and Mouse Models of Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Marmosets as models of infectious diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Review
- Eastern equine encephalitis virus rapidly infects and disseminates in the brain and spinal cord of cynomolgus macaques following aerosol challenge.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Animal Models for COVID-19: Hamsters, Mouse, Ferret, Mink, Tree Shrew, and Non-human Primates.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Zoonotic Alphaviruses in Fatal and Neurologic Infections in Wildlife and Nonequine Domestic Animals, South Africa.Emerging infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Non-Human Primate Models of Dengue Virus Infection: A Comparison of Viremia Levels and Antibody Responses during Primary and Secondary Infection among Old World and New World Monkeys.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Immunopathogenesis of alphaviruses.Advances in virus research · 2020Article
- Aerosol infection of Balb/c mice with eastern equine encephalitis virus; susceptibility and lethality.Virology journal · 2019Article
- Three asymptomatic animal infection models of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by hantaviruses.PloS one · 2019Article
- Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): equine encephalomyelitis (Eastern and Western).EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2017Article
- An Overview of Animal Models for Arthropod-Borne Viruses.Comparative medicine · 2017Review
- Characterization and pathogenesis of aerosolized eastern equine encephalitis in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).Virology journal · 2017Article
- Gene conversion of the major histocompatibility complex class I Caja-G in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).Immunology · 2016Article
- Eastern equine encephalitis virus in mice II: pathogenesis is dependent on route of exposure.Virology journal · 2015Article
- Eastern equine encephalitis virus in mice I: clinical course and outcome are dependent on route of exposure.Virology journal · 2015Article
- Susceptibility of Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) to Monkeypox Virus: A Low Dose Prospective Model for Monkeypox and Smallpox Disease.PloS one · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) produces the most severe human arboviral disease in North America (NA) and is a potential biological weapon. However, genetically and antigenically distinct strains from South America (SA) have seldom been associated with human disease or mortality despite serological evidence of infection. Because mice and other small rodents do not respond differently to the NA versus SA viruses like humans, we tested common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) by using intranasal infection and monitoring for weight loss, fever, anorexia, depression, and neurologic signs. The NA EEEV-infected animals either died or were euthanized on day 4 or 5 after infection due to anorexia and neurologic signs, but the SA EEEV-infected animals remained healthy and survived. The SA EEEV-infected animals developed peak viremia titers of 2.8 to 3.1 log(10) PFU/ml on day 2 or 4 after infection, but there was no detectable viremia in the NA EEEV-infected animals. In contrast, virus was detected in the brain, liver, and muscle of the NA EEEV-infected animals at the time of euthanasia or death. Similar to the brain lesions described for human EEE, the NA EEEV-infected animals developed meningoencephalitis in the cerebral cortex with some perivascular hemorrhages. The findings of this study identify the common marmoset as a useful model of human EEE for testing antiviral drugs and vaccine candidates and highlight their potential for corroborating epidemiological evidence that some, if not all, SA EEEV strains are attenuated for humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.