ArticleJournal of virology2008
Marked epitope- and allele-specific differences in rates of mutation in human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) Gag, Pol, and Nef cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes in acute/early HIV-1 infection.
Article in Journal of virology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers.
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Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virological and immunological outcome of treatment interruption in HIV-1-infected subjects vaccinated with MVA-B.PloS one · 2017Trial
- Differential Ability of Primary HIV-1 Nef Isolates To Downregulate HIV-1 Entry Receptors.Journal of virology · 2015Trial
- Trial
- An Ad5-vectored HIV-1 vaccine elicits cell-mediated immunity but does not affect disease progression in HIV-1-infected male subjects: results from a randomized placebo-controlled trial (the Step study).The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Trial
- Autologous neutralizing antibodies and polyfunctional T cells contribute to long-term HIV-1 post-intervention control.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Keystone Epitope Theory: An Ecological Perspective on RNA Viruses, Tumor Immunoediting, and Vaccine Design.Pathogens & immunity · 2026Review
- No detectable differences in Nef-mediated downregulation of HLA-I and CD4 molecules among HIV-1 group M lineages circulating in Cameroon, where the pandemic originated.Frontiers in virology (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Energy demanding RNA and protein metabolism drive dysfunctionality of HIV-specific T cell changes during chronic HIV infection.PloS one · 2024Article
- Protective HLA-B57: T cell and natural killer cell recognition in HIV infection.Biochemical Society transactions · 2022Review
- Deep sequencing of the HIV-1 polymerase gene for characterisation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes during early and chronic disease stages.Virology journal · 2022Article
- Cross-Reactivity to Mutated Viral Immune Targets Can Influence CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Perspectives of Saskatchewan researchers and community members on HIV-1 strains circulating in Saskatchewan.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Infection with multiple HIV-1 founder variants is associated with lower viral replicative capacity, faster CD4+ T cell decline and increased immune activation during acute infection.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Impact of HLA-B*52:01-Driven Escape Mutations on Viral Replicative Capacity.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Longitudinal within-host evolution of HIV Nef-mediated CD4, HLA and SERINC5 downregulation activity: a case study.Retrovirology · 2020Article
- Non-synonymous Substitutions in HIV-1 GAG Are Frequent in Epitopes Outside the Functionally Conserved Regions and Associated With Subtype Differences.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Natural HIV-1 Nef Polymorphisms Impair SERINC5 Downregulation Activity.Cell reports · 2019Article
- Clinical and evolutionary consequences of HIV adaptation to HLA: implications for vaccine and cure.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2019Review
- Next-generation sequencing analyses of the emergence and maintenance of mutations in CTL epitopes in HIV controllers with differential viremia control.Retrovirology · 2018Article
- Weaker HLA Footprints on HIV in the Unique and Highly Genetically Admixed Host Population of Mexico.Journal of virology · 2018Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
During acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, early host cellular immune responses drive viral evolution. The rates and extent of these mutations, however, remain incompletely characterized. In a cohort of 98 individuals newly infected with HIV-1 subtype B, we longitudinally characterized the rates and extent of HLA-mediated escape and reversion in Gag, Pol, and Nef using a rational definition of HLA-attributable mutation based on the analysis of a large independent subtype B data set. We demonstrate rapid and dramatic HIV evolution in response to immune pressures that in general reflect established cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response hierarchies in early infection. On a population level, HLA-driven evolution was observed in approximately 80% of published CTL epitopes. Five of the 10 most rapidly evolving epitopes were restricted by protective HLA alleles (HLA-B*13/B*51/B*57/B*5801; P = 0.01), supporting the importance of a strong early CTL response in HIV control. Consistent with known fitness costs of escape, B*57-associated mutations in Gag were among the most rapidly reverting positions upon transmission to non-B*57-expressing individuals, whereas many other HLA-associated polymorphisms displayed slow or negligible reversion. Overall, an estimated minimum of 30% of observed substitutions in Gag/Pol and 60% in Nef were attributable to HLA-associated escape and reversion events. Results underscore the dominant role of immune pressures in driving early within-host HIV evolution. Dramatic differences in escape and reversion rates across codons, genes, and HLA restrictions are observed, highlighting the complexity of viral adaptation to the host immune response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.