ArticleThe Clinical neuropsychologist2009
Neuropsychological performance in advanced age: influences of demographic factors and Apolipoprotein E: findings from the Cache County Memory Study.
Article in The Clinical neuropsychologist, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Meta-analysis of cognitive ability differences by apolipoprotein e genotype in young humans.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Quality of education and memory test performance in older men: the New York University Paragraph Recall Test normative data.Current Alzheimer research · 2013Trial
- Are clinical diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias affected by education and self-reported race?Psychological assessment · 2012Trial
- Insulin and sex interactions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2012Trial
- Neuropsychological Assessment Using Portable Automated Rapid Testing in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults: Test-Retest Reliability Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Neighborhood-Level Disadvantage and Cognition in Mexican American and Non-Hispanic White Adults 50 Years and Older in the US.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease) Neuropsychology Assessment Battery: 35 Years and Counting.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Review
- Article
- The effects of aging and perceived loneliness on lexical ambiguity resolution.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Predicting Verbal Learning and Memory Assessments of Older Adults Using Bayesian Hierarchical Models.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Sex/gender differences in cognitive trajectories vary as a function of race/ethnicity.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2019Article
- Analysis of pleiotropic genetic effects on cognitive impairment, systemic inflammation, and plasma lipids in the Health and Retirement Study.Neurobiology of aging · 2019Article
- The Contribution of Genetic Factors to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Apolipoprotein E Gene, Gene Interactions, and Polygenic Risk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Effects of pioglitazone on mnemonic hippocampal function: A blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging study in elderly adults.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2019Article
- The Relationship Between Hippocampal Volumes and Delayed Recall Is Modified by APOE ε4 in Mild Cognitive Impairment.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2019Article
- A computerized, self-administered test of verbal episodic memory in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment and healthy participants: A randomized, crossover, validation study.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2018Article
- TOMMORROW neuropsychological battery: German language validation and normative study.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2018Article
- Sex differences in cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease.World journal of psychiatry · 2016Review
- Normative Data for the Cognitively Intact Oldest-Old: The Framingham Heart Study.Experimental aging research · 2015Article
- Diagnostic accuracy and practice effects in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set neuropsychological battery.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Cache County Study of Memory in Aging (CCMS) is an epidemiological study of Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive disorders, and aging in a population of exceptionally long-lived individuals (7th to 11th decade). Observation of population members without dementia provides an opportunity for establishing the range of normal neurocognitive performance in a representative sample of the very old. We examined neurocognitive performance of the normal participants undergoing full clinical evaluations (n = 507) and we tested the potential modifying effects of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, a known genetic risk factor for the later development of AD. The results indicate that advanced age and low education are related to lower test scores across nearly all of the neurocognitive measures. Gender and APOE epsilon4 both had negligible and inconsistent influences, affecting only isolated measures of memory and expressive speech (in case of gender). The gender and APOE effects disappeared once age and education were controlled. The study of this exceptionally long-lived population provides useful normative information regarding the broad range of "normal" cognition seen in advanced age. Among elderly without dementia or other cognitive impairment, APOE does not appear to exert any major effects on cognition once other demographic influences are controlled.
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