SynthesisInternational journal of cardiology2009
Meta-analysis of interventions to increase physical activity among cardiac subjects.
Synthesis in International journal of cardiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Exploring the 'fit for work' principle: The association between occupational physical activity, cardio-respiratory fitness, and mortality - a meta-analysis of male worker data.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2025Pooled it
- Exercise Intensity in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of patient education interventions to increase physical activity among chronically ill adults.Patient education and counseling · 2008Pooled it
- Pooled it
- What matters to cardiac patients? The impact of linking life goals to health goals on patients' intention-to-change-lifestyle: an online experiment.British journal of health psychology · 2026Trial
- Supporting cardiac patient physical activity: a brief health psychological intervention.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2016Trial
- Study of adherence to exercise in heart failure: the HEART camp trial protocol.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2014Trial
- A self-regulation lifestyle program for post-cardiac rehabilitation patients has long-term effects on exercise adherence.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2014Trial
- Determining who responds better to a computer- vs. human-delivered physical activity intervention: results from the community health advice by telephone (CHAT) trial.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2013Trial
- Effectiveness of the physical activity promotion programme on the quality of life and the cardiopulmonary function for inactive people: randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2013Trial
- Optimizing and Testing an Individualized and Adaptive Physical Activity Digital Health Intervention: Protocol for a Control Optimization Trial Embedded Within a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Getting "Back on Track" After a Cardiac Event: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Web-Based Self-management Program.JMIR research protocols · 2021Article
- Do Patients Maintain Proper Long-Term Cardiopulmonary Fitness Levels After Cardiac Rehabilitation? A Retrospective Study Using Medical Records.Annals of rehabilitation medicine · 2021Article
- Study protocol for a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) to improve physical activity in employed women.Contemporary clinical trials · 2020Article
- Systematic Review of Interventions Designed to Maintain or Increase Physical Activity Post-Cardiac Rehabilitation Phase II.Rehabilitation process and outcome · 2020Review
- Cardiovascular Disease Prevention by Diet Modification: JACC Health Promotion Series.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2018Review
- Tutorial for Using Control Systems Engineering to Optimize Adaptive Mobile Health Interventions.Journal of medical Internet research · 2018Article
- Improvements in fitness are not obligatory for exercise training-induced improvements in CV risk factors.Physiological reports · 2018Article
- Comparison of the effect of different intensity exercise on a bicycle ergometer on postprandial lipidemia in type II diabetic patients.ARYA atherosclerosis · 2014Article
- A randomized controlled trial of positive-affect induction to promote physical activity after percutaneous coronary intervention.Archives of internal medicine · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExtensive primary research has tested interventions to increase physical activity (PA) among adults with cardiovascular disease. This meta-analysis integrates the extant research about how to increase PA in cardiac samples.
methodsExtensive literature searching located published and unpublished intervention studies that measured PA outcomes. Results were coded from primary studies. Fixed- and random-effects meta-analytic procedures included moderator analyses.
resultsData were synthesized across 11,877 subjects from 79 eligible research reports. The overall mean PA effect size for 2-group comparisons was 0.35 (higher mean for treatment than control), which is consistent with a difference of 1984 kcal/week for treatment subjects versus 1615 for control subjects. The fitness effect size for 2-group comparisons was .17. Other statistically significantly positive 2-group effect sizes were .24 for quality of life and .23 for subsequent cardiac events. Effect sizes for anthropometric measures and blood pressure did not differ significantly from 0. Exploratory moderator analyses found large effect sizes for PA among studies that had (1) an exclusive focus on PA versus diverse health behaviors, (2) more contact between interventionists and subjects, (3) supervised exercise sessions, (4) fitness testing, (5) face-to-face encounters versus mediated intervention delivery, and (6) more minutes of activity per week. Effect sizes were unrelated to funding status, dissemination vehicle, gender distribution, or attrition rate.
conclusionsThese findings document that interventions can be effective in increasing PA among patients with cardiovascular diseases. Primary research should compare interventions in randomized trials to confirm causal relationships.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.