ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2008
Generalizability of clinical trials for alcohol dependence to community samples.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Threats to external validity in the neuroprediction of substance use treatment outcomes.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Estimating the impact of stimulant use on initiation of buprenorphine and extended-release naltrexone in two clinical trials and real-world populations.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2023Trial
- Efficacy of Combining Varenicline and Naltrexone for Smoking Cessation and Drinking Reduction: A Randomized Clinical Trial.The American journal of psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Estimation of Population Average Treatment Effects in the FIRST Trial: Application of a Propensity Score-Based Stratification Approach.Health services research · 2018Trial
- Comparing adult cannabis treatment-seekers enrolled in a clinical trial with national samples of cannabis users in the United States.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Trial
- Pragmatic trial of a Study Navigator Model (NAU) vs. Ambassador Model (N+) to increase enrollment to health research among community members who use illicit drugs.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Trial
- Toward National Estimates of Effectiveness of Treatment for Substance Use.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Article
- Insights into Overlapping Brain Networks for Anxiety and Alcohol Use Disorders.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- High in the Cloud: Alcohol-, Cannabis-, and Co-Use Before and During Remote Research Participation.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Clinicians' Perceptions of Rapid Scale-up of Telehealth Services in Outpatient Mental Health Treatment.Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association · 2021Article
- Examination of exclusion criteria in total knee arthroplasty rehabilitation trials: influence on the application of evidence in day-to-day practice.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2021Article
- The relationship of frequency of cocaine use to substance and psychiatric disorders in the U.S. general population.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Combined varenicline and naltrexone attenuates alcohol cue-elicited activation in heavy drinking smokers.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Target validity: Bringing treatment of external validity in line with internal validity.Current epidemiology reports · 2020Article
- Inclusion of Cannabis Users in Alcohol Research Samples: Screening In, Screening Out, and Implications.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2020Article
- Association between smoking, and hospital readmission among inpatients with psychiatric illness at an academic inpatient psychiatric facility, 2000-2015.Addictive behaviors reports · 2019Article
- Polygenic Risk Score Prediction of Alcohol Dependence Symptoms Across Population-Based and Clinically Ascertained Samples.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2018Article
- Generalizability of Clinical Trial Results for Adolescent Major Depressive Disorder.Pediatrics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There is a growing concern that results of tightly controlled clinical trials of individuals with alcohol use disorders may not generalize to broader community samples. To assess the proportion of community-dwelling adults with alcohol dependence who would have been eligible for a typical alcohol dependence treatment study, we developed a new, simple method: we applied a standard set of eligibility criteria commonly used in alcohol outcome studies to a large (n=43,093) representative US adult sample interviewed face-to-face, the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). We found that approximately one-half (50.5%) of all individuals with a DSM-IV diagnosis of alcohol dependence (n=1484) and 79.4% of those who sought treatment (n=185) were excluded by one or more study criteria. Individual study criteria excluded from 0.9% to 48.2% of the overall sample and 0.8% to 43.7% of the treatment-seeking sample. For the overall sample, the lack of motivation/compliance and financial situation criteria excluded the largest percentage of individuals. In the treatment-seeking subsample, comorbid medical conditions and legal problems excluded the largest proportions of individuals. Our study provides a new method to assess the generalizability of clinical trials, and gives further evidence that typical clinical trials for alcohol dependence likely exclude most adults with the disorder in the community and under care, and support the notion that clinical trials recruit "pure" rather than "typical" patients. Clinical trials should carefully evaluate the effects of the selected eligibility criteria on the generalizability of their results.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.