ArticleBMC molecular biology2008
Off-target effects of siRNA specific for GFP.
Article in BMC molecular biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
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- CCL2 signaling promotes skeletal muscle wasting in non-tumor and breast tumor models.Disease models & mechanisms · 2024Article
- RNAi-directed knockdown in the cnidarian fish blood parasite Sphaerospora molnari.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Modulating Expression of Endogenous Interleukin 1 Beta in the Acute Phase of the Pilocarpine Model of Epilepsy May Change Animal Survival.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- CNS Delivery of Nucleic Acid Therapeutics: Beyond the Blood-Brain Barrier and Towards Specific Cellular Targeting.Pharmaceutical research · 2023Review
- Chemical Modifications Influence the Number of siRNA Molecules Adsorbed on Gold Nanoparticles and the Efficiency of Downregulation of a Target Protein.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Off-target effects of RNAi correlate with the mismatch rate between dsRNA and non-target mRNA.RNA biology · 2021Article
- A Lipid-Coated Nanoconstruct Composed of Gold Nanoparticles Noncovalently Coated with Small Interfering RNA: Preparation, Purification and Characterization.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- An Influence of Modification with Phosphoryl Guanidine Combined with a 2'-O-Methyl or 2'-Fluoro Group on the Small-Interfering-RNA Effect.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Non-Covalent Associates of siRNAs and AuNPs Enveloped with Lipid Layer and Doped with Amphiphilic Peptide for Efficient siRNA Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Xiaochaihutang Inhibits the Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cell Line T6 Through the Nrf2 Pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Article
- Loss of CMD2-mediated resistance to cassava mosaic disease in plants regenerated through somatic embryogenesis.Molecular plant pathology · 2016Article
- Villain of Molecular Biology: Why are we not reproducible in research?F1000Research · 2015Article
- G3BP1, G3BP2 and CAPRIN1 are required for translation of interferon stimulated mRNAs and are targeted by a dengue virus non-coding RNA.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- Poly(amidoamine) dendrimer nanocarriers and their aerosol formulations for siRNA delivery to the lung epithelium.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2014Article
- Challenging the future of siRNA therapeutics against cancer: the crucial role of nanotechnology.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2014Review
- Heat shock protein 70 modulates influenza A virus polymerase activity.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- N-acetyltransferase (nat) is a critical conjunct of photoperiodism between the circadian system and endocrine axis in Antheraea pernyi.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGene knock down by RNAi is a highly effective approach to silence gene expression in experimental as well as therapeutic settings. However, this widely used methodology entails serious pitfalls, especially concerning specificity of the RNAi molecules.
resultsWe tested the most widely used control siRNA directed against GFP for off-target effects and found that it deregulates in addition to GFP a set of endogenous target genes. The off-target effects were dependent on the amount of GFP siRNA transfected and were detected in a variety of cell lines. Since the respective siRNA molecule specific for GFP is widely used as negative control for RNAi experiments, we studied the complete set of off-target genes of this molecule by genome-wide expression profiling. The detected modulated mRNAs had target sequences homologous to the siRNA as small as 8 basepairs in size. However, we found no restriction of sequence homology to 3'UTR of target genes.
conclusionWe can show that even siRNAs without a physiological target have sequence-specific off-target effects in mammalian cells. Furthermore, our analysis defines the off-target genes affected by the siRNA that is commonly used as negative control and directed against GFP. Since off-target effects can hardly be avoided, the best strategy is to identify false positives and exclude them from the results. To this end, we provide the set of false positive genes deregulated by the commonly used GFP siRNA as a reference resource for future siRNA experiments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.