Trial reportAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2008
Cytokine expression in the colonic mucosa of human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals before and during 9 months of antiretroviral therapy.
Trial report in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complementarity-determining region 3 size spectratypes of T cell receptor beta chains in CD8+ T cells following antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2011Trial
- Review
- Review
- Ex vivo rectal explant model reveals potential opposing roles of Natural Killer cells and Marginal Zone-like B cells in HIV-1 infection.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Innate immune mechanisms to oral pathogens in oral mucosa of HIV-infected individuals.Oral diseases · 2020Review
- HIV-2 infection is associated with preserved GALT homeostasis and epithelial integrity despite ongoing mucosal viral replication.Mucosal immunology · 2018Article
- Type I/II Interferon in HIV-1-Infected Patients: Expression in Gut Mucosa and in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Its Modification upon Probiotic Supplementation.Journal of immunology research · 2018Article
- Persistent accumulation of gut macrophages with impaired phagocytic function correlates with SIV disease progression in macaques.European journal of immunology · 2017Article
- Gut Mucosal Barrier Dysfunction, Microbial Dysbiosis, and Their Role in HIV-1 Disease Progression.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Cancer prevention in HIV-infected populations.Seminars in oncology · 2016Review
- Chronic HIV Infection Is Associated with Upregulation of Proinflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine and Alpha Defensin Gene Expression in Colorectal Mucosa.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2015Article
- Lack of interleukin-10-mediated anti-inflammatory signals and upregulated interferon gamma production are linked to increased intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infection.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Lack of compartmentalization of HIV-1 quasispecies between the gut and peripheral blood compartments.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Article
- Disruption of intestinal CD4+ T cell homeostasis is a key marker of systemic CD4+ T cell activation in HIV-infected individuals.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2010Article
- Damaged intestinal epithelial integrity linked to microbial translocation in pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infections.PLoS pathogens · 2010Article
- The macrophage: the intersection between HIV infection and atherosclerosis.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
High-level human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication and the rapid breakdown of the mucosal immune system are the hallmarks of HIV infection in the gut. Cytokine dysregulation may be related to both phenomena. Using real-time PCR we quantified the colonic mucosal mRNA expression of selected proinflammatory and regulatory (gamma interferon [IFN-gamma], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha], and interleukin-2 [IL-2], IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10) and HIV-inhibitory (IL-16, CCL3, and CCL5) cytokines for 10 HIV-infected patients before and during 9 months of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). HIV RNA and T-cell dynamics were measured in the colonic mucosa and the blood. Seven HIV-negative individuals served as controls. The mucosal mRNA expression of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 was significantly higher in HIV-infected patients than in control patients and remained elevated during 9 months of HAART despite the decline in blood and mucosal HIV RNA levels and an increase in the level of CD4(+) T lymphocytes. The mRNA levels of CCL3 and CCL5, both of which were elevated before treatment, returned to nearly normal during therapy. Despite reductions in levels of mucosal HIV RNA and the restoration of mucosal CD4(+) T lymphocytes, antiretroviral therapy failed to restore the normal colonic immunologic environment.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.