ReviewJournal of neurovirology2008
The relationship between encephalitis lethargica and influenza: a critical analysis.
Review in Journal of neurovirology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Sleep and immune health: How dogs, goats and 'factor S' shaped a field.Neurobiology of sleep and circadian rhythms · 2025Article
- "Spanish flu," encephalitis lethargica, and COVID-19: Progress made, lessons learned, and directions for future research.European journal of neurology · 2024Review
- Long COVID: From olfactory dysfunctions to viral Parkinsonism.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2024Article
- The Influence of Microglia on Neuroplasticity and Long-Term Cognitive Sequelae in Long COVID: Impacts on Brain Development and Beyond.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Spontaneous recovery from post-COVID-19 brain fog.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2024Article
- Encephalitis lethargica: clinical features and aetiology.Brain communications · 2024Article
- Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2: complexity, mechanism and associated disorders.European journal of medical research · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2, aging, and Post-COVID-19 neurodegeneration.Journal of neurochemistry · 2023Review
- A functional role for alpha-synuclein in neuroimmune responses.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2023Review
- The spectrum of disease and tau pathology of nodding syndrome in Uganda.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Monitoring cognitive and psychological alterations in COVID-19 patients: A longitudinal neuropsychological study.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2023Article
- Post-COVID-19 Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis: The Exosomal Cargo Hypothesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Neurology and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Gathering Data for an Informed Response.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2021Review
- Historical Insight into Infections and Disorders Associated with Neurological and Psychiatric Sequelae Similar to Long COVID.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2021Review
- Cognitive Impairment After COVID-19-A Review on Objective Test Data.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- Emerging Neurological and Psychobiological Aspects of COVID-19 Infection.Brain sciences · 2020Review
- Article
- The neurology of COVID-19 revisited: A proposal from the Environmental Neurology Specialty Group of the World Federation of Neurology to implement international neurological registries.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2020Review
- Neurological and Psychological Effects of Coronavirus (COVID-19): An Overview of the Current Era Pandemic.Cureus · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Since encephalitis lethargica's (EL) prevalence in the 1920s, epidemiologic and clinical debate has persisted over whether EL was caused by, potentiated by, or merely coincident with the Spanish influenza pandemic. Epidemiologic analyses generally suggest that the disorders were coincidental. Beginning in the 1970s, modern experiments on archival brain samples mainly failed to confirm a direct relationship between influenza and EL. These experimental studies have technical limitations, e.g., the appropriateness of antibodies, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers and controls, and the extreme paucity and age of available material. These factors render the case against influenza less decisive than currently perceived. Nevertheless, there is little direct evidence supporting influenza in the etiology of EL. Almost 100 years after the EL epidemic, its etiology remains enigmatic, raising the possibility of a recurrence of EL in a future influenza pandemic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.