ReviewPsychopharmacology2008
Realistic expectations of prepulse inhibition in translational models for schizophrenia research.
Review in Psychopharmacology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 274 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
274 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 526 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prepulse inhibition deficit as a transdiagnostic process in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review.BMC psychology · 2023Pooled it
- Relationships between the acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in C57BL/6J mice: a large-scale meta-analytic study.Molecular brain · 2018Pooled it
- The effect of pregabalin on sensorimotor gating in 'low' gating humans and mice.Neuropharmacology · 2012Trial
- Distal pup cues attenuate defensive reactivity and fear-potentiated startle magnitude in postpartum rats without altering sensorimotor gating.Behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Reduction of forebrain interneurons alters cellular organization and cortical neurogenesis in a mouse model of X-linked intellectual disability.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Maternal immune activation in mice recapitulates features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in susceptible offspring.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Astroglial disinhibition of cortical circuits disrupts cognition via kynurenic acid in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Effect of Traumatic Brain Injury on Sensorimotor Gating.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Article
- Quetiapine ameliorates sensorimotor gating, recognition memory, and neuroendocrine plasticity in chronic stress-induced female rats.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Pharmaco-EEG-Based Classification of Psychotropic Activity of a Novel Chromone-Containing Allylmorpholine in Rats.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2025Article
- Inhibition of Cortical Evoked Responses to Sound Pulses by Preceding Silent Gaps.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2025Article
- Startle response and its prepulse modification in health and under different psychopathologies: Could we find any specific patterns?World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Acute nicotine vapor attenuates sensorimotor gating deficits in HIV-1 transgenic rats.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Recapitulation and reversal of neuropsychiatric phenotypes in a mouse model of human endogenous retrovirus type W expression.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Affective phenotypes in heterozygousFrontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- The acoustic startle response in 22q11 deletion syndrome: from animal models to humans.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Nicotine's Effects on Schizophrenia-like Symptoms in a Mice Model: Time Matters.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Acute nicotine vapor normalizes sensorimotor gating and reduces locomotor activity deficits in HIV-1 transgenic rats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Phencyclidine-Like Abuse Liability and Psychosis-Like Neurocognitive Effects of Novel Arylcyclohexylamine Drugs of Abuse in Rodents.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2024Article
- Baseline prepulse inhibition dependency of orexin A and REM sleep deprivation.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
214 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionUnder specific conditions, a weak lead stimulus, or "prepulse", can inhibit the startling effects of a subsequent intense abrupt stimulus. This startle-inhibiting effect of the prepulse, termed "prepulse inhibition" (PPI), is widely used in translational models to understand the biology of brainbased inhibitory mechanisms and their deficiency in neuropsychiatric disorders. In 1981, four published reports with "prepulse inhibition" as an index term were listed on Medline; over the past 5 years, new published Medline reports with "prepulse inhibition" as an index term have appeared at a rate exceeding once every 2.7 days (n=678). Most of these reports focus on the use of PPI in translational models of impaired sensorimotor gating in schizophrenia. This rapid expansion and broad application of PPI as a tool for understanding schizophrenia has, at times, outpaced critical thinking and falsifiable hypotheses about the relative strengths vs. limitations of this measure.
objectivesThis review enumerates the realistic expectations for PPI in translational models for schizophrenia research, and provides cautionary notes for the future applications of this important research tool.
conclusionIn humans, PPI is not "diagnostic"; levels of PPI do not predict clinical course, specific symptoms, or individual medication responses. In preclinical studies, PPI is valuable for evaluating models or model organisms relevant to schizophrenia, "mapping" neural substrates of deficient PPI in schizophrenia, and advancing the discovery and development of novel therapeutics. Across species, PPI is a reliable, robust quantitative phenotype that is useful for probing the neurobiology and genetics of gating deficits in schizophrenia.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.