ArticlePLoS pathogens2008
Real-time high resolution 3D imaging of the lyme disease spirochete adhering to and escaping from the vasculature of a living host.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 201 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Making the best of a sticky situation: Infection-mediated endothelial activation promotes new interactions with adhesins of the host-adapted Lyme disease spirochete.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- From forest floor to doctor's office: the immunological journey ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Immune Response Dynamics: Analyzing the Parameters of Complete Blood Count (CBC) in Experimental Borreliosis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Targeted volume imaging reveals early vascular interactions of Lyme disease pathogen in skin.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A computational approach to simulating a three-sphere swimmer in a viscoelastic fluid modelled via the Giesekus constitutive law.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2025Article
- Investigation of erythema migrans patients identifies Borrelia species and Neoehrlichia mikurensis with implications for clinical assessment.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Extravasation of Borrelia burgdorferi Across the Blood-Brain Barrier is an Extremely Rare Event.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial cyclic peptides effectively inhibit multiple forms of Borrelia and cross the blood-brain barrier model.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Transendothelial migration of the Lyme disease spirochete involves spirochete internalization as an intermediate step through a transcellular pathway that involves Cdc42 and Rac1.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Bright New Resources for Syphilis Research: Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Tags for Treponema pallidum and Sf1Ep Cells.Molecular microbiology · 2024Article
- Hitchhiker's Guide toJournal of bacteriology · 2024Review
- Development and validation of systems for genetic manipulation of the Old World tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete, Borrelia duttonii.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Establishing a Zebrafish Model for Borrelia burgdorferi Infection Using Immersion and Microinjection Methods.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Multifunctional interaction of CihC/FbpC orthologs of relapsing fever spirochetes with host-derived proteins involved in adhesion, fibrinolysis, and complement evasion.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2023Review
- Choreography of Lyme Disease Spirochete Adhesins To Promote Vascular Escape.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Cellular and transcriptome signatures unveiled by single-cell RNA-Seq followingFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Spatiotemporal characterization of endothelial cell motility and physical forces during exposure toSTAR protocols · 2022Article
- Visualization of the Dynamics of Invasion and Intravasation of the Bacterium That Causes Lyme Disease in a Tissue Engineered Dermal Microvessel Model.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pathogenic spirochetes are bacteria that cause a number of emerging and re-emerging diseases worldwide, including syphilis, leptospirosis, relapsing fever, and Lyme borreliosis. They navigate efficiently through dense extracellular matrix and cross the blood-brain barrier by unknown mechanisms. Due to their slender morphology, spirochetes are difficult to visualize by standard light microscopy, impeding studies of their behavior in situ. We engineered a fluorescent infectious strain of Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease pathogen, which expressed green fluorescent protein (GFP). Real-time 3D and 4D quantitative analysis of fluorescent spirochete dissemination from the microvasculature of living mice at high resolution revealed that dissemination was a multi-stage process that included transient tethering-type associations, short-term dragging interactions, and stationary adhesion. Stationary adhesions and extravasating spirochetes were most commonly observed at endothelial junctions, and translational motility of spirochetes appeared to play an integral role in transendothelial migration. To our knowledge, this is the first report of high resolution 3D and 4D visualization of dissemination of a bacterial pathogen in a living mammalian host, and provides the first direct insight into spirochete dissemination in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.