ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2008
The anergic state in sarcoidosis is associated with diminished dendritic cell function.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Granulomatous Sarcoidosis Mimics.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis overlap in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Immunopathogenesis of Sarcoidosis.Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Review
- Non-metastatic causes of multiple pulmonary nodules.Insights into imaging · 2024Article
- Deconstructing Multiorgan Sarcoidosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Sarcoidosis Associated With Electronic Cigarette Use in an Adult: A Case Report.Journal of medical cases · 2022Article
- A Primer on the Clinical Aspects of Sarcoidosis for the Basic and Translational Scientist.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Sarcoidosis vs. Colon Cancer Metastasis: Diagnostic Dilemma and the Role of PET Scan in Monitoring Disease Activity.Case reports in rheumatology · 2021Article
- Challenges in Cardiac and Pulmonary Sarcoidosis: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2020Review
- Clinical Presentations, Pathogenesis, and Therapy of Sarcoidosis: State of the Art.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Mapping mononuclear phagocytes in blood, lungs, and lymph nodes of sarcoidosis patients.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2019Article
- G908R NOD2 variant in a family with sarcoidosis.Respiratory research · 2018Article
- Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in cutaneous sarcoidosis.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2018Article
- Sarcoidosis Increases Risk of Hospitalized Infection. A Population-based Study, 1976-2013.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2017Article
- Human Lung Mononuclear Phagocytes in Health and Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Myocardial Immunocompetent Cells and Macrophage Phenotypes as Histopathological Surrogates for Diagnosis of Cardiac Sarcoidosis in Japanese.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2016Article
- Dual Inhibition of Rip2 and IRAK1/4 Regulates IL-1β and IL-6 in Sarcoidosis Alveolar Macrophages and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- Cryptococcal meningitis in a patient with sarcoidosis.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2016Article
- T-bet and interleukin-27: possible TH1 immunomodulators of sarcoidosis.Inflammopharmacology · 2015Observational
- Immunogenetics of Disease-Causing Inflammation in Sarcoidosis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2015Review
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5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause, characterized by granuloma formation similar to tuberculosis, but without clear evidence of a microbial infection. Because sarcoidosis is linked with clinical anergy and other evidence of diminished cellular immunity, we hypothesized that decreased skin delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to recall Ags in affected individuals would be associated with decreased function of their blood dendritic cells (DCs). Our study involved ex vivo isolation, phenotyping, and functional testing of myeloid DCs (mDCs), plasmacytoid DCs, and T lymphocytes from blood of normal healthy volunteers and sarcoidosis subjects with active, untreated pulmonary disease. We found mDC function in the allogeneic MLR directly corresponded to the magnitude of skin DTH reactions to recall Ags in both sarcoidosis subjects and normal volunteers. However, both of these outcomes were significantly decreased in the sarcoidosis group. Diminished mDC function occurred despite up-regulated costimulatory and maturation markers. Clinical relevance is suggested by the inverse relationship between both mDC allogeneic responses and skin DTH responses with clinical disease severity as measured by chest radiograms. Because granulomas form when cellular immunity fails to clear antigenic stimuli, attenuated mDC function in sarcoidosis may contribute to susceptibility and persistence of the chronic inflammation characteristic of this disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.