ArticleJournal of leukocyte biology2008
Induction of IL-33 expression and activity in central nervous system glia.
Article in Journal of leukocyte biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 96 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 209 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of ATPAF1 as a novel candidate gene for asthma in children.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2011Trial
- The Role of the IL-33/ST2 Axis in Nervous System Development and Diseases.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Gingerol-Rich Extract Derived fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Central nervous system pericytes express soluble ST2 in inflammation and injury.Molecular brain · 2026Article
- Interleukin-33 at the intersection of inflammation and repair.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- ST2Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Article
- Activity-attenuated serum albumin-fused interleukin-33 suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Neurocognitive manifestation after treatment of pediatric severe anaphylaxis.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Exploring the Involvement of New Members of the Interleukin Family in Cardiovascular Disease.Current cardiology reviews · 2025Review
- Microglia and Astrocytes Responses Contribute to Alleviating Inflammatory Damage by Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Rats with Traumatic Brain Injury.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- ST2 levels and neurodegenerative diseases: is this a significant relation?Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Impact of TNF and IL-33 Cytokines on Mast Cells in Neuroinflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Innate neuroimmunity across aging and neurodegeneration: a perspective from amyloidogenic evolvability.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Type 2 immunity in the brain and brain borders.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Apigenin: A Therapeutic Agent for Treatment of Skin Inflammatory Diseases and Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Interactions between astrocytes and extracellular matrix structures contribute to neuroinflammation-associated epilepsy pathology.Frontiers in molecular medicine · 2023Review
- IL-33 Alleviates Postoperative Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting Hippocampal Inflammation and Upregulating Excitatory Synaptic Number in Aged Mice.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Dual roles of interleukin-33 in cognitive function by regulating central nervous system inflammation.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Review
- Schizophrenia and Alarmins.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2011
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
IL-33 is a novel member of the IL-1 cytokine family and a potent inducer of type 2 immunity, as mast cells and Th2 CD4+ T cells respond to IL-33 with the induction of type 2 cytokines such as IL-13. IL-33 mRNA levels are extremely high in the CNS, and CNS glia possess both subunits of the IL-33R, yet whether IL-33 is produced by and affects CNS glia has not been studied. Here, we demonstrate that pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) significantly increase IL-33 mRNA and protein expression in CNS glia. Interestingly, IL-33 was localized to the nucleus of astrocytes. Further, CNS glial and astrocyte-enriched cultures treated with a PAMP followed by an ATP pulse had significantly higher levels of supernatant IL-1beta and IL-33 than cultures receiving any single treatment (PAMP or ATP). Supernatants from PAMP + ATP-treated glia induced the secretion of IL-6, IL-13, and MCP-1 from the MC/9 mast cell line in a manner similar to exogenous recombinant IL-33. Further, IL-33 levels and activity were increased in the brains of mice infected with the neurotropic virus Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. IL-33 also had direct effects on CNS glia, as IL-33 induced various innate immune effectors in CNS glia, and this induction was greatly amplified by IL-33-stimulated mast cells. In conclusion, these results implicate IL-33-producing astrocytes as a potentially critical regulator of innate immune responses in the CNS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.