ArticleJournal of virology2008
A novel cellular protein, VPEF, facilitates vaccinia virus penetration into HeLa cells through fluid phase endocytosis.
Article in Journal of virology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- TRIM62 facilitates influenza A virus entry by regulating WASH-dependent endosomal trafficking.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- The actin nucleation promoting factor WASH facilitates clathrin-independent endocytosis of human papillomaviruses.EMBO reports · 2025Article
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- Tracing human genetic histories and natural selection with precise local ancestry inference.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Methods to Study Poxvirus Structures by Cryo-EM Imaging Modalities.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- The vaccinia chondroitin sulfate binding protein drives host membrane curvature to facilitate fusion.EMBO reports · 2024Article
- FAM21 is critical for TLR2/CLEC4E-mediated dendritic cell function againstLife science alliance · 2023Article
- Identification of β2 microglobulin, the product of B2M gene, as a Host Factor for Vaccinia Virus Infection by Genome-Wide CRISPR genetic screens.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Poxviruses package viral redox proteins in lateral bodies and modulate the host oxidative response.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- The emerging roles of retromer and sorting nexins in the life cycle of viruses.Virologica Sinica · 2022Review
- FAM21C Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Invasion and Metastasis by Driving Actin Cytoskeleton RemodelingFrontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Membrane Rafts: Portals for Viral Entry.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Hepatitis B Virus Entry into Cells.Cells · 2020Review
- Nanoscale polarization of the entry fusion complex of vaccinia virus drives efficient fusion.Nature microbiology · 2019Article
- Vaccinia viral A26 protein is a fusion suppressor of mature virus and triggers membrane fusion through conformational change at low pH.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Kinetics of Mimivirus Infection Stages Quantified Using Image Flow Cytometry.Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology · 2019Article
- Endosomal receptor trafficking: Retromer and beyond.Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) · 2018Review
- A comparative review of viral entry and attachment during large and giant dsDNA virus infections.Archives of virology · 2017Review
- Differential Innate Immune Signaling in Macrophages by Wild-Type Vaccinia Mature Virus and a Mutant Virus with a Deletion of the A26 Protein.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccinia virus is a large DNA virus that infects many cell cultures in vitro and animal species in vivo. Although it has been used widely as a vaccine, its cell entry pathway remains unclear. In this study, we showed that vaccinia virus intracellular mature virions bound to the filopodia of HeLa cells and moved toward the cell body and entered the cell through an endocytic route that required a dynamin-mediated pathway but not a clathrin- or caveola-mediated pathway. Moreover, virus penetration required a novel cellular protein, vaccinia virus penetration factor (VPEF). VPEF was detected on cell surface lipid rafts and on vesicle-like structures in the cytoplasm. Both vaccinia virus and dextran transiently colocalized with VPEF, and, importantly, knockdown of VPEF expression blocked vaccinia virus penetration as well as intracellular transport of dextran, suggesting that VPEF mediates vaccinia virus entry through a fluid uptake endocytosis process in HeLa cells. Intracellular VPEF-containing vesicles did not colocalize with Rab5a or caveolin but partially colocalized with Rab11, supporting the idea that VPEF plays a role in vesicle trafficking and recycling in HeLa cells. In summary, this study characterized the mechanism by which vaccinia virus enters HeLa cells and identified a cellular factor, VPEF, that is exploited by vaccinia virus for cell entry through fluid phase endocytosis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.