ArticleExperimental hematology2008
Homogeneous monocytes and macrophages from human embryonic stem cells following coculture-free differentiation in M-CSF and IL-3.
Article in Experimental hematology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.
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Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 164 citations in OpenAlex.
- Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages (iMacs) in translational medicine: Disease models, drug testing, and therapeutic applications.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
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- Dissecting microglial contributions to neurodegenerative disease pathophysiology using human pluripotent stem cells.Stem cell reports · 2026Review
- Highly Efficient Derivation of Functional Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Macrophages under Serum-Free Conditions to Study Innate Immune Responses.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Article
- A scoping review of stem cell models of leukodystrophies: advances in understanding pathophysiological mechanisms.NPJ genomic medicine · 2025Article
- Adoptive Cell Therapy from the Dish: Potentiating Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2025Review
- Protocol for generating human CAR-engineered macrophages by Vpx-containing lentivirus.STAR protocols · 2024Article
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- Building a human lung from pluripotent stem cells to model respiratory viral infections.Respiratory research · 2024Review
- A Comparative Study of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Macrophages in Modeling Viral Infections.Viruses · 2024Article
- Differentiation of monocytes and polarized M1/M2 macrophages from human induced pluripotent stem cells.STAR protocols · 2024Article
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- Emerging Models to Study Human Microglia In vitro.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Adaptation of Human iPSC-Derived Macrophages Toward an Alveolar Macrophage-Like Phenotype Post-Intra-Pulmonary Transfer into Murine Models.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived human macrophages as an infection model for Leishmania donovani.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- C9orf72-ALS human iPSC microglia are pro-inflammatory and toxic to co-cultured motor neurons via MMP9.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Generating hematopoietic cells from human pluripotent stem cells: approaches, progress and challenges.Cell regeneration (London, England) · 2023Review
- Graphene-Cu Nanocomposites Induce Tolerance againstPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- 'Off the shelf' immunotherapies: Generation and application of pluripotent stem cell-derived immune cells.Cell proliferation · 2023Review
- Chitosan-Decorated Copper Oxide Nanocomposite: Investigation of Its Antifungal Activity against Tomato Gray Mold Caused byPolymers · 2023Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo develop a simple and efficient method for producing homogeneous populations of monocytes and macrophages from human embryonic stem cells (hES). MATERIALS AND
methodsHuman embryonic stem cell lines KCL001, KCL002, and HUES-2 were differentiated into monocytes by coculture-free differentiation with two growth factors using a three-step method. The method involved embryoid body (EB) formation in hES media, directed differentiation with macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin (IL)-3, and harvest of nonadherent monocytes from the culture supernatants. hES monocytes (esMCs) were analyzed by microscopy, flow cytometry, transcriptome analysis, and tested for the ability to differentiate into macrophages. hES monocyte-derived macrophages (esMDM) were analyzed for phagocytosis and endocytosis by microscopy and flow cytometry, cytokine secretion by multiplex cytokine assay, and for interferon (IFN)-gamma and IL-4 activation by flow cytometry.
resultsHomogeneous esMCs (>90% CD14-positive) that did not require any additional purification steps were produced after 18.7 +/- 7.7 days (mean +/- SD, n = 19). Production continued for several months when growth factors were replaced, with a total yield of 3.4 x 10(5) +/- 2.0 esMCs (mean +/- SD, n = 9) per EB. Transcriptome analysis of the esMC and the esMDM revealed a distinct myeloid signature that correlated with primary adult blood-derived monocytes and spleen tissue samples but not with other tissue samples tested. We found that esMCs and esMDMs expressed well-defined markers of the mononuclear phagocyte system including PU-1, C/EBPalpha, EMR1, and EMR2, MPEG1, CD1c, CD4, CD18, CD32, CD33, CD68, cathepsins and serine carboxypeptidase. Finally, esMCs differentiated into functional macrophages that could endocytose acetylated low-density lipoprotein, phagocytose opsonized yeast particles, secrete specific cytokines in response to lipopolysaccharide, and be activated differentially with IFN-gamma and IL-4.
conclusionsWe have developed a simple and efficient method for producing homogeneous populations of monocytes and macrophages from hES cells. esMCs have a myeloid signature and can differentiate into functional macrophages. The method should prove useful in answering experimental questions regarding monocyte and macrophage development and biology.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.