Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18548179›Full record

SynthesisThe journal of nutrition, health & aging

Endurance and strength training outcomes on cognitively impaired and cognitively intact older adults: a meta-analysis.

P C Heyn, K E Johnson, A F Kramer

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The journal of nutrition, health & aging. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07180147 (Arlington Longitudinal Optimal Healthy Aging Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 53 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07180147 active not recruitingnot on this map

Arlington Longitudinal Optimal Healthy Aging Study (ALOHA)

TypeobservationalSponsorMarymount UniversityRan2025 to 2031Enrolled500ConditionsAlzheimer Disease (AD), Cardio Vascular Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), Frailty Syndrome
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Exercise programs for people with dementia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015
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  12. Physical and cognitive stimulation in Alzheimer Disease. the GAIA Project: a pilot study.American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias · 2012
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

P C HeynSchool of Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO, USA. Patheyn@comcast.net
K E Johnson
A F Kramer

Funding

Influence of Fitness on Brain and CognitionR37AG025667 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI KRAMER, ARTHUR F. · 2005 to 2014
$5.1M
Aging and multi-task trainingR01AG025032 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI KRAMER, ARTHUR F. · 2005 to 2008
$1.2M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG025032NIA NIH HHS R37 AG025667
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDementia is a common syndrome in the geriatric population. Subsequent impairment of cognitive functioning impacts the patient's mobility, ADLs, and IADLs. It is suggested that older persons with lower levels of cognition are less likely to achieve independence in ADLs and ambulation (1-2). Frequently, nursing home residents are viewed as too frail or cognitively impaired to benefit from exercise rehabilitation. Often, persons with Mini Mental State Score (MMSE) score below 25 are excluded from physical rehabilitation programs. However, Diamond (3) and Goldstein (4) concluded that geriatric patients with mild to moderate cognitive impairment were just as likely as cognitively intact patients to improve in functional abilities as a result of participation in exercise rehabilitation programs. PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to compare, through a meta-analysis endurance and strength outcomes of Cognitively Impaired (MMSE < 23) and Cognitively Intact (MMSE superior 24) older adults who participate in similar exercise programs.

methodsPublished articles were identified by using electronic and manual searches. Key search words included exercise, training, strength, endurance, rehabilitation, cognitive impairment, cognition, MMSE, older adult, aged, and geriatrics. Articles were included if the were from RCTs or well-designed control studies.

resultsA total of 41 manuscripts met the inclusion criteria. We examined 21 exercise trials with cognitively impaired individuals (CI=1411) and 20 exercise trials with cognitively intact individuals (IN=1510). Degree of cognitive impairment is based on the reported MMSE score. Moderate to large effect sizes (ES = dwi, Hedges gi) were found for strength and endurance outcomes for the CI groups (dwi = .51, 95% CI= .42- .60), and for the IN groups (dwi = .49, 95% CI= .40- .58). No statistically significant difference in ES was found between the CI and IN studies on strength (t=1.675, DF= 8, P= .132), endurance (t=1.904, DF= 14, P=.078), and combined strength and endurance effects (t=1.434, DF= 56, P= .263).

conclusionsThese results suggest that cognitively impaired older adults who participate in exercise rehabilitation programs have similar strength and endurance training outcomes as age and gender matched cognitively intact older participants and therefore impaired individuals should not be excluded from exercise rehabilitation programs.

Indexed as

Physical EnduranceActivities of Daily LivingAgedAged, 80 and overCognitionCognition DisordersFemaleGeriatricsHumansMaleNeuropsychological TestsResistance TrainingSeverity of Illness IndexTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID18548179
PMCPMC2853480

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.